Expression of nma, a novel gene, inversely correlates with the metastatic potential of human melanoma cell lines and xenografts

nma, a novel gene, was isolated by using a subtractive hybridization technique in which the gene expression was compared in a panel of human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic potential. nma mRNA expression (1.5 kb) is high in poorly metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts and completely absent in highly metastatic human melanoma cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with the analysis of a panel of human‐rodent somatic cell hybrids indicated that the nma gene is located on human chromosome 10, in the region p11.2–p12.3. Sequence analysis of nma showed no homologies with other known genes or proteins, except for several partially sequenced cDNAs. The predicted amino acid sequence suggests that the protein encoded by nma contains a transmembrane domain. Expression of nma is high in human kidney medulla, placenta and spleen, low in kidney cortex, liver, prostate and gut and absent in lung and muscle. Whereas nma is not expressed in normal skin tissue, expression is high in melanocytes and in 3 out of 11 melanoma metastases tested. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

[1]  D. Lipman,et al.  Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. , 1988, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[2]  F. Sanger,et al.  Cloning in single-stranded bacteriophage as an aid to rapid DNA sequencing. , 1980, Journal of molecular biology.

[3]  O. Myklebost,et al.  Levels of nm23 messenger RNA in metastatic malignant melanomas: inverse correlation to disease progression. , 1992, Cancer research.

[4]  W. Clark,et al.  Biology of tumor progression in human melanocytes. , 1987, Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology.

[5]  G. Church,et al.  Genomic sequencing. , 1993, Methods in molecular biology.

[6]  M. Skolnick,et al.  A cell cycle regulator potentially involved in genesis of many tumor types. , 1994, Science.

[7]  D. Ruiter,et al.  Molecular markers of melanocytic tumor progression. , 1994, Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology.

[8]  G. Bevilacqua,et al.  A low NM23.H1 gene expression identifying high malignancy human melanomas , 1994, Melanoma research.

[9]  G. Carmichael,et al.  Analysis of single- and double-stranded nucleic acids on polyacrylamide and agarose gels by using glyoxal and acridine orange. , 1977, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[10]  P. Kastrop,et al.  Sequence divergence and selection of cap sites in the rat γ-crystallin gene family , 1986 .

[11]  L. Xerri,et al.  NM23 expression in metastasis of malignant melanoma is a predictive prognostic parameter correlated with survival. , 1994, British Journal of Cancer.

[12]  R. Doolittle,et al.  A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. , 1982, Journal of molecular biology.

[13]  D. Ruiter,et al.  Establishment and characterization of a human melanoma cell line (MV3) which is highly metastatic in nude mice , 2007, International journal of cancer.

[14]  J. Kuźnicki,et al.  Expression of calcyclin in human melanoma cell lines correlates with metastatic behavior in nude mice. , 1992, Cancer research.

[15]  D. Ruiter,et al.  Thymosin β‐10 expression in melanoma cell lines and melanocytic lesions: A new progression marker for human cutaneous melanoma , 1993, International journal of cancer.

[16]  M. N. Epstein,et al.  A study of tumor progression: the precursor lesions of superficial spreading and nodular melanoma. , 1984, Human pathology.

[17]  J. Devereux,et al.  A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX , 1984, Nucleic Acids Res..

[18]  C. Auffray,et al.  Purification of mouse immunoglobulin heavy-chain messenger RNAs from total myeloma tumor RNA. , 2005, European journal of biochemistry.

[19]  L. Liotta,et al.  Reduced tumor incidence, metastatic potential, and cytokine responsiveness of nm3-transfected melanoma cells , 1991, Cell.

[20]  Koichiro R. Isshiki,et al.  Chromosome 10 allelic loss in malignant melanoma , 1993, Genes, chromosomes & cancer.

[21]  N. Ajubi,et al.  nmb, a novel gene, is expressed in low‐metastatic human melanoma cell lines and xenografts , 1995, International journal of cancer.

[22]  M. Melamed,et al.  Surface antigens of melanomas and melanocytes defined by mouse monoclonal antibodies: specificity analysis and comparison of antigen expression in cultured cells and tissues. , 1985, Cancer research.

[23]  N. Blin,et al.  A general method for isolation of high molecular weight DNA from eukaryotes. , 1976, Nucleic acids research.