Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on adsorption of Sb(III) from aqueous solution using low-cost natural diatomite

Abstract The equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics of antimony(III) adsorption from aqueous solution using low-cost natural diatomite were investigated using batch adsorption parameters such as pH and ionic strength. Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) isotherm models were applied to describe the isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity of diatomite for Sb(III) was found to be 35.2 mg/g at pH 6. The percent Sb(III) adsorbed in the presence of 0.001 M NaNO3 at pH 6 was 68%, compared to 56 and 48% and at the same pH but in the presence of 0.01 and 0.1 M NaNO3, respectively. From the D–R model, the mean adsorption energy was calculated as 7.32 kJ/mol, indicating that the adsorption of Sb(III) onto diatomite was physically carried out. The high stability of diatomite permitted a slightly decrease as about 10% in desorption yield and about 3% in adsorption yield after ten times of adsorption/desorption cycles. The calculated thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) showed that the adsorption of Sb(III) onto diatomite was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic. Evaluation of the experimental data in terms of adsorption kinetics revealed that the adsorption of Sb(III) onto diatomite followed well the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

[1]  C. A. Johnson,et al.  Sorption of Sb(III) and Sb(V) to goethite: influence on Sb(III) oxidation and mobilization. , 2006, Environmental science & technology.

[2]  D. J. Wilson,et al.  Removal of Antimony from Aqueous Systems , 1986 .

[3]  A. Ren,et al.  Effect of pH, ionic strength, fulvic acid and humic acid on sorption of Th(IV) on Na-rectorite , 2007 .

[4]  Xiangke Wang,et al.  Sorption of Th (IV) to silica as a function of pH, humic/fulvic acid, ionic strength, electrolyte type. , 2007, Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine.

[5]  Yolanda Madrid,et al.  Analytical methods for antimony speciation in waters at trace and ultratrace levels. A review , 1998 .

[6]  Montserrat Filella,et al.  Antimony in the environment: A review focused on natural waters. III. Microbiota relevant interactions , 2007 .

[7]  X. Shan,et al.  Adsorption of metal ions on lignin. , 2008, Journal of hazardous materials.

[8]  M. Khraisheh,et al.  Flow injection potentiometric stripping analysis for study of adsorption of heavy metal ions onto modified diatomite , 2004 .

[9]  Sajal Kumar Das,et al.  The anion exchange behavior of Te and Sb , 1998 .

[10]  Susmita Gupta,et al.  Influence of acid activation on adsorption of Ni(II) and Cu(II) on kaolinite and montmorillonite: Kinetic and thermodynamic study , 2008 .

[11]  S. Republic,et al.  BIOSORPTION OF HEAVY METALS BY DRY FUNGI BIOMASS , 2006 .

[12]  Y. Madrid,et al.  Evaluation of selective uptake of selenium (Se(IV) and Se(VI)) and antimony (Sb(III) and Sb(V)) species by baker's yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) , 1997 .

[13]  Ahmad B. Albadarin,et al.  Kinetic and thermodynamic investigations on arsenic adsorption onto dolomitic sorbents , 2010 .

[14]  C. Wai,et al.  Distribution and Mobilization of Arsenic and Antimony Species in the Coeur D'Alene River, Idaho , 1990 .

[15]  L. Tavlarides,et al.  A chemically bonded adsorbent for separation of antimony, copper and lead , 1997 .

[16]  M. Dinu,et al.  Evaluation of Cu2+, Co2+ and Ni2+ ions removal from aqueous solution using a novel chitosan/clinoptilolite composite: Kinetics and isotherms , 2010 .

[17]  I. Langmuir THE ADSORPTION OF GASES ON PLANE SURFACES OF GLASS, MICA AND PLATINUM. , 1918 .

[18]  Y. Ho,et al.  Study of the Sorption of Divalent Metal Ions on to Peat , 2000 .

[19]  H. Freundlich Über die Adsorption in Lösungen , 1907 .

[20]  W. Dubbin,et al.  Investigations into the kinetics and thermodynamics of Sb(III) adsorption on goethite (α-FeOOH) , 2006 .

[21]  R. Matsushita,et al.  Preparation of dithiocarbamatecellulose derivatives and their adsorption properties for trace elements , 1980 .

[22]  Ruhan Altun Anayurt,et al.  Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution by macrofungus (Lactarius scrobiculatus) biomass , 2009 .

[23]  A. Sari,et al.  Biosorption of selenium from aqueous solution by green algae (Cladophora hutchinsiae) biomass: Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies , 2010 .

[24]  Yixue Chen,et al.  Sorption of Ni(II) on GMZ bentonite: effects of pH, ionic strength, foreign ions, humic acid and temperature. , 2009, Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine.

[25]  I. D. Mall,et al.  Adsorption thermodynamics and isosteric heat of adsorption of toxic metal ions onto bagasse fly ash (BFA) and rice husk ash (RHA) , 2007 .

[26]  S. Akyuz,et al.  FT-IR spectroscopic investigations of benzidine and bipyridyls adsorbed on diatomite from Anatolia , 2001 .

[27]  Y. Sharma,et al.  Adsorption characteristics of copper(II) onto spent activated clay , 2007 .

[28]  Jun Hu,et al.  Effect of pH, ionic strength, foreign ions and temperature on the adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution to GMZ bentonite , 2009 .

[29]  Yixue Chen,et al.  Effect of pH and ionic strength on sorption of Eu(III) to MX-80 bentonite: batch and XAFS study , 2009 .

[30]  S. Tofail,et al.  Competitive Sorption of Antimony with Zinc, Nickel, and Aluminum in a Seaweed Based Fixed‐bed Sorption Column , 2009 .

[31]  Y Al-Degs,et al.  Sorption of lead ions on diatomite and manganese oxides modified diatomite. , 2001, Water research.

[32]  Jun Hu,et al.  Adsorption of Pb(II) on diatomite as affected via aqueous solution chemistry and temperature , 2009 .

[33]  Y. Ho,et al.  Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes , 1999 .

[34]  Katsutoshi Inoue,et al.  Effective removal and recovery of antimony using metal-loaded saponified orange waste. , 2009, Journal of hazardous materials.

[35]  A. Sari,et al.  Biosorption of Cd(II) and Cr(III) from aqueous solution by moss (Hylocomium splendens) biomass: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies , 2008 .

[36]  Yasumoto Magara,et al.  Effect of pH on the removal of arsenic and antimony using reverse osmosis membranes , 2000 .

[37]  P. Moslehi,et al.  HEAVY METAL REMOVAL FROM WATER AND WASTEWATER USING RAW AND MODIFIED DIATOMITE , 2007 .

[38]  S. Tsuneda,et al.  Removal of Antimony (III) Using Polyol-Ligand-Containing Porous Hollow-Fiber Membranes , 2004 .

[39]  M. Khraisheh,et al.  Remediation of wastewater containing heavy metals using raw and modified diatomite , 2004 .

[40]  E. Demirbas,et al.  Adsorption kinetics and equilibrium of copper from aqueous solutions using hazelnut shell activated carbon , 2009 .

[41]  W. Pickering,et al.  Specific sorption of antimony (III) by the hydrous oxides of Mn, Fe, and Al , 1990 .

[42]  Shigeru Maeda,et al.  Adsorption and removal of antimony from aqueous solution by an activated Alumina , 2001 .

[43]  N. Khalid,et al.  Potential of rice husks for antimony removal. , 2000, Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine.

[44]  S. Hasany,et al.  SORPTION POTENTIAL OF HARO RIVER SAND FOR THE REMOVAL OF ANTIMONY FROM ACIDIC AQUEOUS SOLUTION , 1996 .