Développement d'algorithmes et d'un code de calcul pour l'étude des problèmes de l'impact et du choc

Dans beaucoup de problemes de mecanique des solides, la prise en compte du contact avec frottement joue un role preponderant. La bonne prediction des effets du contact avec frottement devient un enjeu majeur pour les industriels. Malheureusement, tres peu de problemes peuvent etre traites de maniere analytique. Il est donc necessaire de developper des methodes numeriques adaptees a ce type de problemes. Dans ce travail, nous proposons une extension de la methode du bi-potentiel, proposee par de Saxce et Feng, pour l'analyse des problemes d'impact entre plusieurs corps deformables dans le cadre des grandes deformations. Pour cela, nous optons pour un schema d'integration du premier ordre a la place d'un schema plus classique du second ordre (Newmark, HHT, . . .). Ce choix permet de ne pas faire intervenir l'acceleration, non definie au moment du choc, dans les calculs. Le modele ainsi developpe combine la methode du bi-potentiel pour la resolution du probleme du contact et un schema du premier ordre pour la discretisation temporelle. Ce travail a abouti au code de calcul par elements finis FER/Impact. Les differentes applications numeriques proposees mettent en evidence la validite et l'efficacite de la methode. Une attention particuliere est portee a la quantification de la dissipation d'energie par frottement.

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