Diagnostic et traitement du syndrome de tachycardie orthostatique posturale

JAMC | 20 juin 2022 | volume 194 | numéro 24 © 2022 AMC Impact Inc. ou ses concédants La principale caractéristique du syndrome de tachycardie ortho­ statique posturale (STOP) est la tachycardie en position debout, sans chute de tension artérielle. Les patients parlent d’étour­ dissements et de palpitations lorsqu’ils sont en position redressée, particulièrement à la station debout, ce qui peut mener à la syn­ cope. Les patients peuvent éprouver une baisse de leur qualité de vie et de leur capacité fonctionnelle qui peut avoir des con­ séquences économiques désastreuses1–3. Le syndrome est plus fréquent chez les filles et les jeunes femmes et il a été associé à d’autres maladies, comme la migraine et le syndrome d’Ehlers– Danlos4. Nous abordons le diagnostic du STOP, les maladies à inclure dans le diagnostic différentiel, les troubles associés et les traitements pharmacologiques et non pharmacologiques pour les patients atteints de STOP, sur la base de recherches originales, de revues narratives et d’énoncés consensuels (encadré 1).

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