The determination of SPICE Gummel-Poon parameters by a merged optimization-extraction technique

A powerful and flexible bipolar characterization method is presented. The technique is based on a merging of the optimization and extraction approaches that allows; the advantages of both to be retained. Detailed discussions clarify how four aspects of the methodology alleviate the major bipolar parametrization problems. With these procedures a full model may be developed in under an hour. The physical nature of the parameters is retained by fitting to extensive data.<<ETX>>