Ecological Machining: Near-dry Machining

This chapter points out major ways to reduce the ecological and health impacts of metal working fluids (MWFs). In the continuous quest for dry machining, only one process can offer a near-term solution for practical applications. This process uses a minimum quantity of lubrication and is referred to as “near-dry”. In near-dry machining (NDM), an air–oil mixture called an aerosol is fed onto the machining zone. Compared to dry machining, NDM substantially enhances cutting performance in terms of increasing tool life and improving the quality of the machined parts. This chapter presents a classification of NDM methods, discussing their advantages and drawbacks. Analyzing the available information on the performance of NDM, the chapter offers a physically attractive explanation of why NDM works. It considers the essential components of the whole NDM system, arguing that a 360° vision approach is the key to successful implementation of NDM.

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