eReefs: An operational information system for managing the Great Barrier Reef

ABSTRACT eReefs is a comprehensive interoperable information platform that has been developed for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) region to provide users with access to improved environmental intelligence allowing them to assess past, present, and future conditions, as well as management options to mitigate the risks associated with multiple and sometimes competing uses of the GBR. eReefs is built upon an integrated system of data, catchment and marine models, visualisation, reporting and decision support tools that span the entire GBR area. This communication briefly describes eReefs architecture and components and provides examples of applications that have been used to inform policy and management decisions, and finally discusses challenges and key learnings and considers future developments and applications.

[1]  A. Dekker,et al.  Validity of SeaDAS water constituents retrieval algorithms in Australian tropical coastal waters , 2007 .

[2]  A. Steven,et al.  Continuous Water Quality Monitoring on the Great Barrier Reef , 2015 .

[3]  M. Katz Validation of models , 2006 .

[4]  James C. Bennett,et al.  A System for Continuous Hydrological Ensemble Forecasting (SCHEF) to lead times of 9 days , 2014 .

[5]  L. McKinna,et al.  Monitoring and mapping of flood plumes in the Great Barrier Reef based on in-situ and remote sensing observations , 2012 .

[6]  Jonathan Yu,et al.  The eReefs data brokering layer for hydrological and environmental data , 2016 .

[7]  Vittorio E Brando,et al.  Inter-annual variability of wet season freshwater plume extent into the Great Barrier Reef lagoon based on satellite coastal ocean colour observations. , 2012, Marine pollution bulletin.

[8]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  An alternative coordinate system for solving finite difference ocean models , 2006 .

[9]  Dorothea Hilhorst,et al.  Synthesis Report , 2018, Reshaping Decentralised Development Co-operation.

[10]  T. Hughes,et al.  Reef 2050 long-term sustainability plan: progress on implementation- review by Great Barrier Reef independent review group , 2017 .

[11]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  A mass-conserving advection scheme for offline simulation of scalar transport in coastal ocean models , 2016 .

[12]  S. Condie,et al.  Numerical modelling of the suspended sediment transport in Torres Strait , 2008 .

[13]  Matthew P. Adams,et al.  A biophysical representation of seagrass growth for application in a complex shallow-water biogeochemical model , 2016 .

[14]  M. Baird,et al.  A physiological model for the marine cyanobacteria , Trichodesmium , 2013 .

[15]  M. Herzfeld Methods for freshwater riverine input into regional ocean models , 2015 .

[16]  J. Brodie,et al.  Development of basin-specific ecologically relevant water quality targets for the Great Barrier Reef , 2017 .

[17]  Eduardo Teixeira da Silva,et al.  River plumes of the Great Barrier Reef: freshwater, sediment and optical footprints quantified by the eReefs modelling system , 2017 .

[18]  T. Hughes,et al.  Large-scale bleaching of corals on the Great Barrier Reef. , 2017, Ecology.

[19]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  Simulated fate of catchment-derived sediment on the Great Barrier Reef shelf. , 2018, Marine pollution bulletin.

[20]  Roland Doerffer,et al.  Atmospheric correction algorithm for MERIS above case‐2 waters , 2007 .

[21]  Vittorio Brando,et al.  A Pre-operational System for Satellite Monitoring of Great Barrier Reef Marine Water Quality , 2014 .

[22]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  Cross-shelf exchanges between the Coral Sea and the Great Barrier Reef lagoon determined from a regional-scale numerical model , 2015 .

[23]  Marc Hockings,et al.  Independent assessment of management effectiveness for the Great Barrier Reef: outlook report 2014 , 2014 .

[24]  Kenneth R. N. Anthony,et al.  Connectivity networks reveal the risks of crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks on the Great Barrier Reef , 2014 .

[25]  Simon Cox,et al.  A Harmonized Vocabulary For Water Quality , 2014 .

[26]  S. Condie,et al.  Retention of plankton within ocean eddies , 2016 .

[27]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  A simple, stable and accurate Dirichlet open boundary condition for ocean model downscaling , 2012 .

[28]  B. Tilbrook,et al.  The exposure of the Great Barrier Reef to ocean acidification , 2016, Nature Communications.

[29]  A. Conversi,et al.  Gulf of Trieste: A changing ecosystem , 2009 .

[30]  J. Choat,et al.  Abundance patterns of reef sharks and predatory fishes on differently zoned reefs in the offshore Townsville region final report to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority , 2008 .

[31]  Miles Furnas,et al.  Catchments and Corals: Terrestrial Runoff to the Great Barrier Reef , 2003 .

[32]  A. Richardson,et al.  Simulated nutrient and plankton dynamics in the Great Barrier Reef (2011–2016) , 2019, Journal of Marine Systems.

[33]  Will F. Figueira,et al.  Global warming and recurrent mass bleaching of corals , 2017, Nature.

[34]  Vittorio E. Brando,et al.  Bio‐optical variability of the absorption and scattering properties of the Queensland inshore and reef waters, Australia , 2009 .

[35]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  CSIRO Environmental Modelling Suite (EMS): scientific description of the optical and biogeochemical models (vB3p0) , 2019, Geoscientific Model Development.

[36]  J. Lovell,et al.  Use of remote-sensing reflectance to constrain a data assimilating marine biogeochemical model of the Great Barrier Reef , 2016 .

[37]  C. Willmott ON THE VALIDATION OF MODELS , 1981 .

[38]  Mark E. Baird,et al.  The interacting effects of photosynthesis, calcification and water circulation on carbon chemistry variability on a coral reef flat: A modelling study , 2014 .

[39]  P. Ralph,et al.  A dynamic model of the cellular carbon to chlorophyll ratio applied to a batch culture and a continental shelf ecosystem , 2013 .

[40]  M. Bairdb,et al.  Pollutant target setting for the Great Barrier Reef: Using the eReefs framework , 2017 .

[41]  Thomas Schroeder,et al.  Reef Rescue Marine Monitoring Program: Using remote sensing for GBR-wide water quality. Final report for 2012/13 activities , 2013 .

[42]  Barbara J. Robson,et al.  Remote-sensing reflectance and true colour produced by a coupled hydrodynamic, optical, sediment, biogeochemical model of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia: Comparison with satellite data , 2016, Environ. Model. Softw..

[43]  Vittorio E Brando,et al.  Adaptive semianalytical inversion of ocean color radiometry in optically complex waters. , 2012, Applied optics.

[44]  L. Bay,et al.  A mechanistic model of coral bleaching due to temperature-mediated light-driven reactive oxygen build-up in zooxanthellae , 2018, Ecological Modelling.

[45]  M. Herzfeld,et al.  Active open boundary forcing using dual relaxation time-scales in downscaled ocean models , 2015 .

[46]  Robert J. Moore,et al.  Issues in flood forecasting: ungauged basins, extreme floods and uncertainty , 2006 .

[47]  P. Ralph,et al.  Modeling photoinhibition‐driven bleaching in Scleractinian coral as a function of light, temperature, and heterotrophy , 2014 .