Fatores determinantes da atividade dos motoristas de caminhão e repercussões à saúde: um olhar a partir da análise coletiva do trabalho

The objective of this study was to characterize truck drivers' activity concerning their work demands and challenges resulting from their work organization. The method applied was Collective Analysis of Work, which describes the activity based on the workers' statements during their meetings with the researchers, focusing on factors that could be determinant for accidents and work-related diseases. A total of 100 drivers from two companies, working in different work schedules, were interviewed. The results showed that the lack of autonomy was one of the most frequent complaints for urban short-haul drivers who worked at daytime. Long-haul drivers worked irregular hours and were under pressure due to tight delivery schedules. Truck drivers took stimulant drugs regularly as consequence of their work conditions, particularly difficulties to be on schedule and endure long working hours. This aspect was only partially recognized as a risk to their health. In addition, there were problems related to lack of safety not only for the drivers working within urban areas, but also those on the road. The analysis of drivers' work showed it is necessary to improve their work conditions, especially regulating and inspecting their work schedules, as well as developing programs to promote their health.