Microalbuminuria: A potential marker for adverse obstetric and fetal outcome

Background: Obstetric and perinatal outcome is an index of health in society. Various markers are being searched so as to increase the well being of mother and fetus in pregnancy. Several Studies [12, 13] have revealed an association between microalbuminuria and obstetric outcome. Microalbuminuria can be used as prognostic marker in evaluation of gestational hypertension, preterm labour, GDM, PPROM, IUGR. Objective: This study was done to evaluate whether microalbuminuria which was evaluated at late second trimester could serve as marker for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcome. Materials and Methods: A Prospective case control study was carried out on 150 people. Urine tested for urine micro albumin and creatinine and ACR ratio was calculated. Among 150 pregnant women 27 were positive for microalbuminuria and were categorised as group A. Pregnant women without microalbuminuria were considered as group B (controls). Both group A and group B were compared for obstetric outcomes. Results: Significant association found between group A and gestational hypertension and preterm labour. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria can be used as an early prognostic marker to detect adverse obstetric and neonatal outcome. It can be done in the late second trimester (around 18-24 weeks). It is a cheap, easily available method. Presence of microalbuminuria could therefore be a warning sign for the development of gestational hypertension and preterm delivery . Hence presence of microalbuminuria needs further follow up and attention and strict blood pressure monitoring along with glycemic control in order to prevent adverse obstetric outcome of pregnancy.

[1]  N. Cheung,et al.  Microalbuminuria is a predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia. , 2015, Pregnancy hypertension.

[2]  Z. Khosravi,et al.  Comparison of pregnancy outcome among nulliparas with and without microalbuminuria at the end of the second trimester , 2011, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

[3]  H. Beck-Nielsen,et al.  Microalbuminuria, Preeclampsia, and Preterm Delivery in Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes , 2009, Diabetes Care.

[4]  J. Moodley,et al.  Comparison of pregnancy outcomes in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy using 24‐hour urinary protein and urinary microalbumin to creatinine ratio , 2009, International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

[5]  K. Nicolaides,et al.  Urine albumin concentration and albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks in the prediction of pre‐eclampsia , 2008, BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology.

[6]  J. Kaufman,et al.  Maternal urine albumin excretion and pregnancy outcome. , 2005, American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation.

[7]  O. Olayemi,et al.  Microalbuminuria in pregnancy as a predictor of preeclampsia and eclampsia. , 2004, West African journal of medicine.

[8]  P. Damm,et al.  Pregnancy outcome in type 1 diabetic women with microalbuminuria. , 2001, Diabetes care.

[9]  M. Hod,et al.  Microalbuminuria as an early predictor of hypertensive complications in pregnant women at high risk. , 1996, American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation.

[10]  J. Forest,et al.  Microalbumin as a Marker of Premature Delivery , 1996, Obstetrics and gynecology.

[11]  A. Conde-Agudelo,et al.  Evaluation of methods used in the prediction of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. , 1994, Obstetrical & gynecological survey.

[12]  Rachit Chawla,et al.  Microalbuminuria Detected at Mid Term as a Marker for Adverse Pregnancy Outcome , 2020 .

[13]  Harneet Singh,et al.  Comparison of obstetric outcome in pregnant women with and without microalbuminuria , 2015, Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine.