Lightweight PIM—a new multicast routing protocol

SUMMARY Multicast holds out great promise to significantly reduce network load between the sender and a group of receivers by delivering a single data stream to many recipients. Protocol-Independent Multicast (PIM) Sparse Mode and its variant PIM Source-Specific Multicast (PIM SSM) are the most widely used IP multicast protocols. Protocols offer low latency data delivery capabilities with relatively high reliability and are characterized by large signaling overhead. This article presents a new multicast protocol, called Lightweight PIM (LPIM), tackling the main problem hindering widespread usage of IP multicast protocols, which is a large volume of signaling traffic. Given the existing usability of the PIM family protocols, a decision was made to base the new LPIM protocol on PIM SSM. The improvements used in LPIM lead to a considerable reduction of state data and signaling messages required by LPIM as compared with PIM SSM. Similar to its predecessor, LPIM is capable of handling large groups, although with significantly lower overhead. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  Steven McCanne,et al.  A reliable multicast framework for light-weight sessions and application level framing , 1995, SIGCOMM '95.

[2]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Named Data Networking (NDN) Project , 2010 .

[3]  Wim Livens,et al.  Explicit Multicast (Xcast) Concepts and Options , 2007, RFC.

[4]  Eunmi Choi,et al.  A service-oriented taxonomical spectrum, cloudy challenges and opportunities of cloud computing , 2012, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[5]  H. T. Mouftah,et al.  A scalable multicast routing protocol for building shortest path trees , 2007, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[6]  Pekka Savola,et al.  Overview of the Internet Multicast Routing Architecture , 2008, RFC.

[7]  Jaime Lloret,et al.  A stereoscopic video transmission algorithm for an IPTV network based on empirical data , 2011, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[8]  Iván Vidal,et al.  A peer-to-peer IPTV service architecture for the IP multimedia subsystem , 2010 .

[9]  David R. Cheriton,et al.  IP multicast channels: EXPRESS support for large-scale single-source applications , 1999, SIGCOMM '99.

[10]  Mark Handley,et al.  NACK-Oriented Reliable Multicast (NORM) Transport Protocol , 2009, RFC.

[11]  Guy Davies.  Designing and Developing Scalable IP Networks: Davies/Designing and Developing Scalable IP Networks , 2005 .

[12]  Brad Cain,et al.  Using Internet Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3) and Multicast Listener Discovery Protocol Version 2 (MLDv2) for Source-Specific Multicast , 2006, RFC.

[13]  Mourad Amad,et al.  GPM: A generic and scalable P2P model that optimizes tree depth for multicast communications , 2012, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[14]  Piotr Zwierzykowski,et al.  Validation of PIM DM and PIM SM protocols in the NS2 network simulator , 2009, AFRICON 2009.

[15]  Apostolos Gkamas,et al.  Adaptive smooth multicast protocol for multimedia transmission: Implementation details and performance evaluation , 2010 .

[16]  Mark Handley,et al.  Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM): Protocol Specification , 1997, RFC.

[17]  Albert,et al.  Emergence of scaling in random networks , 1999, Science.

[18]  Scott Shenker,et al.  A data-oriented (and beyond) network architecture , 2007, SIGCOMM 2007.

[19]  Ezedin Barka,et al.  OMAC: A new access control architecture for overlay multicast communications , 2011, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[20]  Guan-Ming Su,et al.  3D video communications: Challenges and opportunities , 2011, Int. J. Commun. Syst..

[21]  Brad Cain,et al.  Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3 , 2002, RFC.

[22]  Kamil Saraç,et al.  A survey on the design, applications, and enhancements of application-layer overlay networks , 2010, CSUR.

[23]  Stephen E. Deering,et al.  Multicast routing in datagram internetworks and extended LANs , 1990, TOCS.

[24]  Ankit Singla,et al.  Information-centric networking: seeing the forest for the trees , 2011, HotNets-X.

[25]  Mario Gerla,et al.  A protocol to improve the state scalability of source specific multicast , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[26]  Daniel Minoli,et al.  IP Multicast with Applications to IPTV and Mobile DVB-H: Minoli/IP Multicast , 2008 .