A Brief Overview of the WHO Classification of Breast Tumors, 4th Edition, Focusing on Issues and Updates from the 3rd Edition

The WHO Classification of Tumors of the Breast, 4th edition, is an update to the 3rd edition that was published in 2003, and covers all neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions of the breast. Changes to the 4th edition include new aspects and changes to the terminology that reflect our present-day knowledge of these lesions. Definitions for histopathological diagnosis are complemented by a description of clinical features, epidemiology, macroscopy, genetics, and prognostic and predictive features. In this review of the WHO classification, we have focused on invasive carcinomas, precursor lesions, and some benign epithelial proliferations.

[1]  V. Eusebi,et al.  Endocrine differentiation in mucoid carcinoma of the breast , 1980, Histopathology.

[2]  K. Czene,et al.  Incidence and prognosis of synchronous and metachronous bilateral breast cancer. , 2007, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[3]  A. Delatorre,et al.  Inflammatory carcinoma of the breast , 1971 .

[4]  M. Bilous.  Breast core needle biopsy: issues and controversies , 2010, Modern Pathology.

[5]  Rohit Bhargava,et al.  Androgen receptor in breast cancer: expression in estrogen receptor-positive tumors and in estrogen receptor-negative tumors with apocrine differentiation , 2010, Modern Pathology.

[6]  D. Visscher,et al.  Clinicopathologic Analysis of Solid Papillary Carcinoma of the Breast and Associated Invasive Carcinomas , 2006, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[7]  Sunil R. Lakhani,et al.  WHO classification of tumours of the breast , 2012 .

[8]  W. Dupont,et al.  Subsequent breast carcinoma risk after biopsy with atypia in a breast papilloma , 1996, Cancer.

[9]  E. López-Bonet,et al.  Solid neuroendocrine breast carcinomas: incidence, clinico-pathological features and immunohistochemical profiling. , 2008, Oncology reports.

[10]  H. Kang,et al.  Metaplastic breast cancer: clinicopathological features and its prognosis , 2012, Journal of Clinical Pathology.

[11]  I. Yeh,et al.  Myoepithelial cell staining patterns of papillary breast lesions: from intraductal papillomas to invasive papillary carcinomas. , 2005, American journal of clinical pathology.

[12]  K. Hunt,et al.  Invasive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast , 2010, Cancer.

[13]  M. Prasad,et al.  Microinvasive carcinoma (T1mic) of the breast: clinicopathologic profile of 21 cases. , 2000, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[14]  Peter Devilee,et al.  Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Breast and Female Genital Organs , 2003 .

[15]  Magali Lacroix-Triki,et al.  Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is genomically distinct from invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type , 2010, The Journal of pathology.

[16]  J. Peterse,et al.  Refinement of breast cancer classification by molecular characterization of histological special types , 2008, The Journal of pathology.

[17]  York Springer,et al.  Ajcc Cancer Staging Manual. 7th Ed. New , 2010 .

[18]  J. Reis-Filho,et al.  Adenoid cystic carcinomas constitute a genomically distinct subgroup of triple‐negative and basal‐like breast cancers , 2012, The Journal of pathology.

[19]  M. Kimmel,et al.  Apocrine mammary carcinoma. A clinicopathologic study of 72 cases. , 1990, American journal of clinical pathology.

[20]  R. J. Rosser.  Consensus conference on the classification of ductal carcinoma in Situ , 1998, Cancer.

[21]  as named below.  Consensus Conference on the Classification of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ , 1997, Human pathology.

[22]  Lajos Pusztai,et al.  A clinically relevant gene signature in triple negative and basal-like breast cancer , 2010, Breast Cancer Research.

[23]  T. Akiyama,et al.  :A long term follow-up study , 1982 .

[24]  I. Ellis,et al.  The prognostic significance of inflammation and medullary histological type in invasive carcinoma of the breast. , 2009, European journal of cancer.

[25]  W. Dupont,et al.  Atypical hyperplastic lesions of the female breast: A long-term follow-up study , 1986 .

[26]  T. Krausz,et al.  Salivary gland-type tumors of the breast: a spectrum of benign and malignant tumors including "triple negative carcinomas" of low malignant potential. , 2010, Seminars in diagnostic pathology.

[27]  G. Azabdaftari,et al.  Refinement of breast cancer classification by molecular characterization of histological special types , 2009 .

[28]  D. Henson,et al.  Benign breast changes and the risk for subsequent breast cancer: an update of the 1985 consensus statement. Cancer Committee of the College of American Pathologists. , 1998, Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine.

[29]  A. Gown,et al.  Intracystic Papillary Carcinomas of the Breast: A Reevaluation Using a Panel of Myoepithelial Cell Markers , 2006, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[30]  M. Jensen,et al.  Invasive lobular breast cancer. Prognostic significance of histological malignancy grading , 2007, Acta oncologica.

[31]  S. Toikkanen,et al.  Pure and mixed mucinous carcinomas of the breast: a clinicopathologic analysis of 61 cases with long-term follow-up. , 1989, Human pathology.

[32]  L. Middleton.  Mucinous carcinoma of the breast is genomically distinct from invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type: Lacroix-Triki M, Suarez PH, Mackay A, et al (Inst of Cancer Res, London, UK; et al) J Pathol 222:282-298, 2010 , 2011 .

[33]  Xin-min Zhang,et al.  Breast Carcinoma With Micropapillary Features: Clinicopathologic Study and Long-Term Follow-Up of 100 Cases , 2008, International journal of surgical pathology.

[34]  A. Luini,et al.  Clinicopathologic characteristics of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast , 2008, Cancer.

[35]  I. Ellis,et al.  Neuroendocrine differentiation and prognosis in breast adenocarcinoma , 2002, Histopathology.

[36]  O. Olopade,et al.  Concordance in histological and biological parameters between first and second primary breast cancers , 2011, Cancer.

[37]  J. Siegel.  Inflammatory carcinoma of the breast. , 1952, A.M.A. archives of dermatology and syphilology.