A GIS tool for historical instability processes data entry: An approach to hazard management in two Italian Alpine river basins

Analysis of instability processes requires historical data over a range of temporal and spatial scales. While historical data offer a wealth of information about when, where and how a flood or a landslide happened or may recur, managing the data remains problematic. Before the data can be entered into historical and geographical databases, they need to be extracted from a vast variety of paper documents and transformed into a standard format. To do this, we developed a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based tool that permits easy data entry for comparing information on different temporal and spatial scales. The GIS tool was combined with a methodology for spatial data analysis to identify main hazardous areas. The historical and geographical databases were then queried with this tool to obtain the frequency of catastrophic events and their spatial recurrence. The GIS tool allowed accurate and rapid data management for establishing a connection between textual and spatial information for new data generation. This paper illustrates a methodology that utilizes the GIS tool for analyzing instability processes in two Italian river basins in the Western Alps.

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