Automatic Tag Identification in Web Service Descriptions

With the increasing interest toward service-oriented architectures, the number of existing Web services is dramatically growing. Therefore, finding a particular service among this huge number of services is becoming a time-consuming task. User tags or keywords have proven to be a useful technique to smooth browsing experience in large document collections. Some service search engines, like Seekda, already propose this kind of facility. Service tagging, which is a fairly tedious and error prone task, is done manually by the providers and the users of the services. In this paper we propose an approach that automatically extracts tags from Web service descriptions. It identifies a set of relevant tags extracted from a service description and leaves only to the users the task of assigning tags not present in this description. The proposed approach is validated on a corpus of 146 services extracted from Seekda.

[1]  Helmut Schmidt,et al.  Probabilistic part-of-speech tagging using decision trees , 1994 .

[2]  Gilad Mishne,et al.  Learning domain ontologies for Web service descriptions: an experiment in bioinformatics , 2005, WWW '05.

[3]  Shi Bing,et al.  Inductive learning algorithms and representations for text categorization , 2006 .

[4]  Chi-Hong Leung,et al.  A Statistical Learning Approach to Automatic Indexing of Controlled Index Terms , 1997, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[5]  Pedro M. Domingos,et al.  On the Optimality of the Simple Bayesian Classifier under Zero-One Loss , 1997, Machine Learning.

[6]  Jun Zhang,et al.  Simlarity Search for Web Services , 2004, VLDB.

[7]  Lerina Aversano,et al.  Using Concept Lattices to Support Service Selection , 2006, Int. J. Web Serv. Res..

[8]  Ian Witten,et al.  Data Mining , 2000 .

[9]  Gordon W. Paynter,et al.  Human evaluation of Kea, an automatic keyphrasing system , 2001, JCDL '01.

[10]  I. Witten,et al.  Domain-Speci c Keyphrase Extraction , 1999 .

[11]  Chouki Tibermacine,et al.  WSPAB: A Tool for Automatic Classification & Selection of Web Services Using Formal Concept Analysis , 2008, 2008 Sixth European Conference on Web Services.

[12]  Usama M. Fayyad,et al.  Multi-Interval Discretization of Continuous-Valued Attributes for Classification Learning , 1993, IJCAI.

[13]  Schahram Dustdar,et al.  A vector space search engine for Web services , 2005, Third European Conference on Web Services (ECOWS'05).

[14]  Gordon W. Paynter,et al.  Automatic extraction of document keyphrases for use in digital libraries: Evaluation and applications , 2002, J. Assoc. Inf. Sci. Technol..

[15]  Pinar Yolum,et al.  Structural and Semantic Similarity Metrics for Web Service Matchmaking , 2007, EC-Web.

[16]  Ian H. Witten,et al.  Data mining: practical machine learning tools and techniques with Java implementations , 2002, SGMD.

[17]  Nicholas Kushmerick,et al.  Learning to Attach Semantic Metadata to Web Services , 2003, International Semantic Web Conference.

[18]  Chi-Hong Leung,et al.  A Statistical Learning Approach to Automatic Indexing of Controlled Index Terms , 1997, J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci..

[19]  Marcelo R. Campo,et al.  AWSC: An approach to Web service classification based on machine learning techniques , 2008, Inteligencia Artif..

[20]  Eric Bouillet,et al.  A Folksonomy-Based Model of Web Services for Discovery and Automatic Composition , 2008, 2008 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing.

[21]  Yanchun Zhang,et al.  Efficiently finding web services using a clustering semantic approach , 2008, CSSSIA '08.

[22]  Marcelo R. Campo,et al.  Query by example for web services , 2008, SAC '08.

[23]  Peter D. Turney.  Coherent Keyphrase Extraction via Web Mining , 2003, IJCAI.

[24]  Peter D. Turney.  Learning Algorithms for Keyphrase Extraction , 2000, Information Retrieval.

[25]  Yijun Yu,et al.  Web Service Search: Who, When, What, and How , 2007, WISE Workshops.

[26]  Carl Gutwin,et al.  Domain-Specific Keyphrase Extraction , 1999, IJCAI.

[27]  Hui Guo,et al.  Learning Ontologies to Improve the Quality of Automatic Web Service Matching , 2007, IEEE International Conference on Web Services (ICWS 2007).

[28]  Aoying Zhou,et al.  Management and Retrieval of Web Services Based on Formal Concept Analysis , 2005, The Fifth International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (CIT'05).

[29]  Eleni Stroulia,et al.  Semantic Structure Matching for Assessing Web-Service Similarity , 2003, ICSOC.