Efficient hysteresis loop analysis-based damage identification of a reinforced concrete frame structure over multiple events

Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are common in seismic zones. However, damage assessment after earthquake events can be problematic and subjective due to their highly nonlinear and time-varying behaviour when damaged. This research develops a hysteresis loop analysis (HLA)-based method for rapid structural health monitoring of an experimental, scaled 12-storey RC frame building subjected to two levels of input ground motions. A six equivalent degree-of-freedom (DOF) system model is proposed to represent the 12-storey test structure, where the accelerations of every two floors are recorded during earthquake excitations. Hysteresis loops are then reconstructed for each DOF using the calculated equivalent restoring force and divided into a number of half cycles in chronological order. Finally, changes in elastic storey stiffness used as a damage index are tracked over time for damage identification of each DOF based on the statistical analysis of the selected half cycles. The identification results clearly show that the proposed algorithm is capable of identifying damage that was not evident by external visual appearance, and also offers significant advantages in identifying the location and severity of damage over traditional methods for realistic RC structures immediately after an event.

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