Basics of accelerator driven subcritical reactors

Abstract This paper is an introduction to the physics of Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors (ADSR) and some technologies associated with them. The basic neutronics is presented with a specific discussion of modifications with respect to that of critical reactors. The fuel evolution in ADSR's is discussed, including the influence of reactivity surges and drops on the limitation of the design reactivity. The application of ADSRs to nuclear waste management is examined and the different options are discussed. Finally, some practical proposals are briefly discussed.

[1]  André Puill,et al.  Advanced plutonium fuel assembly : An advanced concept for using plutonium in pressurized water reactors , 1997 .

[2]  M. Jong,et al.  Projectile-fragment yields as a probe for the collective enhancement in the nuclear level density , 1998 .

[3]  H. G. Hughes,et al.  Cross-Section Evaluations to 150 MeV for Accelerator-Driven Systems and Implementation in MCNPX , 1999 .

[4]  L. Dresner.  EVAP--A FORTRAN PROGRAM FOR CALCULATING THE EVAPORATION OF VARIOUS PARTICLES FROM EXCITED COMPOUND NUCLEI , 1962 .

[5]  P. Garvey,et al.  Accelertor breeder target neutronics: AECL's underlying research program. [Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL)] , 1978 .

[6]  D. Ridikas,et al.  NEUTRON PRODUCTION AND ENERGY GENERATION BY ENERGETIC PROJECTILES : PROTONS OR DEUTERONS? , 1998 .

[7]  J. P. Renier,et al.  Concept evaluation of a nuclear design for electronuclear fuel production: evaluation of ORNL's proposed TMF--ENFP , 1979 .

[8]  J. S. Gilmore,et al.  Fertile-to-fissile and fission measurements for depleted uranium and thorium bombarded by 800-MeV protons , 1988 .

[9]  H. G. Hughes,et al.  Nuclear energy generation and waste transmutation using an accelerator-driven intense thermal neutron source , 1992 .

[10]  M. Macrì,et al.  Experimental determination of the energy generated in nuclear cascades by a high energy beam , 1995 .

[11]  K.-H. Schmidt,et al.  A Reexamination of the abrasion - ablation model for the description of the nuclear fragmentation reaction , 1991 .

[12]  Briesmeister.  MCNP: a general Monte Carlo code for neutron and photon transport. Version 3A. Revision 2 , 1986 .

[13]  E. S. Bettis,et al.  The Design and Performance Features of a Single-Fluid Molten-Salt Breeder Reactor , 1970 .

[14]  Frank Goldenbaum,et al.  Neutron production by hadron-induced spallation reactions in thin and thick Pb and U targets from 1 to 5 GeV , 1998 .

[15]  H. Bertini.  Intranuclear-cascade calculation of the secondary nucleon spectra from nucleon-nucleus interactions in the energy range 340 to 2900 mev and comparisons with experiment , 1969 .

[16]  C. Volant,et al.  Improved Intranuclear Cascade Model for Nucleon-Nucleus Interactions , 1997 .

[17]  H. Nifenecker,et al.  Hybrid nuclear reactors , 1999 .

[18]  P. R. Tunnicliffe,et al.  The AECL study for an intense neutron-generator: technical details , 1966 .

[19]  Y. Yariv,et al.  Intranuclear cascade calculation of high-energy heavy-ion interactions , 1979 .

[20]  Hiroshi Takahashi,et al.  Accelerator-driven subcritical target concept for transmutation of nuclear wastes , 1993 .

[21]  H. Daniel,et al.  Subcritical fission reactor driven by the low power accelerator , 1996 .

[22]  Y. Yariv,et al.  Intranuclear Cascade Calculation of High-energy Heavy Ion Collisions: Effect of Interactions Between Cascade Particles , 1981 .

[23]  A. Rubbia.  Neutrino oscillation magnetic detector (NOMAD) status report search for ντ apperance at the CERN SPS , 1995 .

[24]  G. I. Bell,et al.  Introduction to Nuclear Reactor Theory , 1966 .