Scalable modular design of 48-volt li-ion battery management system

A battery control system for controlling a battery pack (101) which is formed by a plurality of battery cells (102i) is provided. The battery control system comprises: a detecting circuit (202, 204; 107) for detecting at least one operation parameter of the battery pack (101); an activating circuit (103), which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit (202, 204; 107), for generating a first control signal (153) when the detected at least one operation parameter exceeds or is below at least one critical-level threshold; a supervision unit (160), which receives the at least one operation parameter from the detecting circuit (202, 204; 107), for managing the battery pack (101) and generating a second control signal (111) when the at least one operational parameter exceeds or below at least one cap-level threshold; a switching circuit (105, 105'), which receives the first control signal (153) from the activating circuit (103) and/or the second control signal (111) from the supervision unit (160), for connecting the battery pack (101) to and disconnecting the battery pack (101) from a power output in response to the first control signal (153) and/or the second control signal (111).