Experimental variation and genetic background effects in protein accumulation were studied in a three-generation F 2 inbred pedigree of maritime pine (Pinus pinaster AIT.). Proteins extracted from needles were revealed by high-resolution silver-stained two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and analysed with a computer-assisted system for single spot quantification. The integrated intensity of 77% of the studied spots showed a linear relationship with the total amount of protein loaded into the gel. A significant difference of integrated intensity was found among both parents and their hybrid for 31% of the studied proteins, from which 78% followed a non-additive mode of inheritance. The extent of the observed non-additivity is discussed and compared with results found in similar experiments in pea, maize and wheat. Finally, QTL mapping allowed the detection of PQL (Protein Quantity Loci) that explained part of the quantitative variation of protein accumulation.
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