Voltage Controllability of Distribution Systems with Local Generation Sources

The increased presence of distributed generation sources into the distribution systems calls for revisiting the current practices concerning distribution systems operation. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to voltage control in the presence of distributed generation, which takes into account the time and spatial variation of generation and loads and the possible contribution of voltage-controllable local generators to distribution system voltage control. The paper recalls the characteristics and modelling of the voltage controllers, including the standard voltage controller (modelled as a PV node with reactive power limits) and the combined voltage/reactive power regulator, which operates either in the voltage-support or in the voltage-following mode for controlling voltage or reactive power, respectively. The voltage control problem is then formulated as an optimisation, by using an objective function based on the voltage deviations with respect to given voltage references. The solution is provided through a mixed heuristic approach, with the use of genetic and Ant Colony Searchbased operators. Numerical results are provided on a real MV rural distribution system.

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