DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF SEMI-ACTIVE LANDING GEARS FOR TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT*

ABSTRACT This paper describes an integrated design process for control laws for semi-active aircraft landing gears, addresses interfaces required for the implementation of different computer aided engineering (CAE) tools used in the process, and presents a multibody aircraft simulation model. Three control laws, a skyhook-type controller, a fuzzy-logic controller, and a state feedback controller, are designed, and the control parameters of all three controllers optimized using a multi-objective parameter optimization. Finally, simulation results for passive, fully active, and semi-active systems are compared. *Communicated by D. Bestle.

[1]  John A. Tanner Aircraft landing gear systems , 1990 .

[2]  W. Krüger,et al.  Interdisciplinary Landing Gear Layout for Large Transport Aircraft , 1998 .

[3]  Wolf Krüger Integrated design process for the development of semi-active landing gears for transport aircraft , 2000 .

[4]  Tr Catt,et al.  Active Landing Gear Control for Improved Ride Quality During Ground Roll. AGARD Specialists Meeting on Smart Structures for Aircraft and Spacecraft, October 1992 , 1992 .

[5]  Dieter Bestle Analyse und Optimierung von Mehrkörpersystemen , 1994 .

[6]  W. Kortüm,et al.  Aircraft Landing Gear Dynamics: Simulation and Control , 1997 .

[7]  G. Grübel,et al.  The ANDECS Design Environment for Control Engineering , 1993 .

[8]  W. Rulka Effiziente Simulation der Dynamik mechatronischer Systeme für industrielle Anwendungen , 2001 .

[9]  Hao Ying,et al.  Essentials of fuzzy modeling and control , 1995 .

[10]  Robert Hooke,et al.  `` Direct Search'' Solution of Numerical and Statistical Problems , 1961, JACM.

[11]  Oskar Wallrapp,et al.  Standardization of flexible body modeling in multibody system codes , 1994 .

[12]  Ting-Whai Lee Dynamic Response of Landing Gears on Rough Repaired Runway , 1991 .

[13]  N. S. Currey,et al.  Aircraft landing gear design : principles and practices , 1988 .

[14]  W. Rulka,et al.  Simulation of Mechatronic Vehicles with SIMPACK , 1997 .

[15]  Peter Lugner,et al.  Systemdynamik und Regelung von Fahrzeugen , 1994 .

[16]  Dean Karnopp,et al.  ACTIVE DAMPING IN ROAD VEHICLE SUSPENSION SYSTEMS , 1983 .

[17]  H. P. Y. Hitch Aircraft Ground Dynamics , 1981 .

[18]  Robert H. Daugherty,et al.  F-106B airplane active control landing gear drop test performance , 1990 .

[19]  H. Wentscher Design and Analysis of Semi-active Landing Gears for Transport Aircraft , 1996 .