Zoonotic Bacteria Harboring in Goat Intestine: A One Health Perspective

The risk of zoonosis transmission when handling livestock or animal products is substantial, ‘One Health’ interventions should be an effective strategy for the control of many zoonotic bacteria. In this study, 26 fresh fecal samples from 2 clinically healthy goats were collected at different day ages to survey goat-borne zoonotic bacterial infection, and 19 fresh fecal samples from diarrhetic goats were tested to evaluate the possible role of zoonotic pathogens in goat diarrhea. Following all samples were analyzed by Metagenomic Sequencing, a total of 20 kinds of zoonotic bacteria were screened from healthy goats, and 11 (55%) of them were infection mainly during the preweaned period. Of the 19 fresh fecal samples from diarrhetic goats, all were confirmed to be zoonotic bacterial infection positive (range from 11 to 12 species). After comparison with healthy samples of the same or similar day-age goats, it was found that Lactococcus garvieae, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella sonnei, Shigella boydii, Campylobacter coli, Salmonella enterica, Acinetobacter baumannii, Shigella flexneri, Shigella dysenteriae and Clostridium perfringens and Campylobacter fetus were highly increased incases in some diarrheic cases, while the remains had no significant change. The results suggest that goats may act as a reservoir for many zoonotic bacteria, and some of them may be associated with goat intestinal inflammation.