Wind-induced entrainment in a stably stratified fluid

Experiments on mixed-layer deepening in a straight wind flume initially containing a two-layer fluid were carried out. In order to simulate an effectively unlimited water body, or a situation where the presence of end walls is not yet noticeable, the water from the upper layer was withdrawn at the downstream end, and supplied again at the upstream end in part of the experiments. Upper-layer depths, and mean-density and mean-velocity profiles were measured for overall Richardson numbers (based on the surface friction velocity) ranging from 22 to 1090. Gradient Richardson numbers in the transition layer (between the mixed layer and the undisturbed layer) and in the mixed layer were estimated. The correction of the results for the effects of recirculation is discussed.

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