A Mathematical Programming Approach to Hazardous Materials Routing
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As highway accidents amount to almost 90% of the serious incidents arising in handling of hazardous materials, routing of trucks carrying hazardous materials has become an interest among many stakeholders such as government agencies, shippers, carriers, and insurance companies. Mitigation of risk and minimization of transportation cost are often chosen as objectives in the hazardous materials routing. Therefore, we propose a mathematical programming-based approach to optimally trading off the two conflicting goals in transporting a shipment of hazardous materials from a source to a destination in a network. The risk of a route depends on accident rates, population exposure, and traversing time of nodes along the route, whereas the cost is mainly determined by the time to complete the route. The unique contributions of the proposed model are (1) cost at the nodes and arcs on route are explicitly taken into optimization and (2) time-varying accident rates at the nodes are considered.