Neonatal mortality in India - a goal in progress.

First, however, we would like to add the following comments. In our opinion, the Indian neonatal mortality rate (NMR) has not been adequately distinguished from the infant mortality rate (IMR). The current NMR is approximately 44/1000 live births, accounting for almost two-thirds of infant mortality and one-half of under-5 years mortality 2 . The NMR is also one and a half times higher in rural areas than in urban areas 3 . However, there is scientific evidence to suggest that NMR, and hence IMR, can be significantly reduced by higher literacy (especially female literacy) and better primary healthcare services 4 .