Translating the Concept of Goal Setting into Practice - What 'Else' does it Require than a Goal Setting Tool?

This conceptual paper reviews the current status of goal setting in the area of technology enhanced learning and education. Besides a brief literature review, three current projects on goal setting are discussed. The paper shows that the main barriers for goal setting applications in education are not related to the technology, the available data or analytical methods, but rather the human factor. The most important bottlenecks are the lack of students goal setting skills and abilities, and the current curriculum design, which, especially in the observed higher education institutions, provides little support for goal setting interventions.

[1]  Chris S. Hulleman,et al.  Motivation Interventions in Education , 2016 .

[2]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Self-reflection, growth goals, and academic outcomes: A qualitative study. , 2015, The British journal of educational psychology.

[3]  M. Schippers.  IKIGAI: Reflection on Life Goals Optimizes Performance and Happiness , 2017 .

[4]  Carolyn Penstein Rosé,et al.  Challenges and Opportunities of Dual-Layer MOOCs: Reflections from an edX Deployment Study , 2015 .

[5]  M. Schippers,et al.  Life Crafting as a Way to Find Purpose and Meaning in Life , 2019, Front. Psychol..

[6]  Roger Azevedo,et al.  Motivation matters: Interactions between achievement goals and agent scaffolding for self-regulated learning within an intelligent tutoring system , 2015, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[7]  S. Hayes,et al.  Values are not just goals: Online ACT-based values training adds to goal setting in improving undergraduate college student performance , 2013 .

[8]  B. Zimmerman,et al.  Motivation and Self-Regulated Learning: Theory, Research, and Applications , 2009 .

[9]  P. Pintrich.  The role of goal orientation in self-regulated learning. , 2000 .

[10]  Catherine Zhao,et al.  Learning through goal setting , 2016, LAK.

[11]  Katy Jordan,et al.  Massive Open Online Course Completion Rates Revisited: Assessment, Length and Attrition , 2015 .

[12]  E. A. Locke,et al.  Writing about personal goals and plans regardless of goal type boosts academic performance , 2020 .

[13]  P. Kirschner,et al.  Goal Orientation and Academic Performance in Adult Distance Education , 2018 .

[14]  F. Schmidt.  The economic value of goal setting to employers. , 2013 .

[15]  Mar Pérez-Sanagustín,et al.  Self-regulated learning strategies predict learner behavior and goal attainment in Massive Open Online Courses , 2017, Comput. Educ..

[16]  Timothy D. Wilson,et al.  Redirect: The Surprising New Science of Psychological Change , 2011 .

[17]  Lorenzo Vigentini,et al.  Evaluating the 'Student' Experience in MOOCs , 2016, L@S.

[18]  Carolyn Penstein Rosé,et al.  Pipeline for expediting learning analytics and student support from data in social learning , 2016, LAK.

[19]  J. O'Neill.  SMART Goals, SMART Schools. , 2000 .

[20]  Carolyn Penstein Rosé,et al.  Expediting Support for Social Learning with Behavior Modeling , 2016, EDM.

[21]  Jordan B. Peterson,et al.  Setting, elaborating, and reflecting on personal goals improves academic performance. , 2010, The Journal of applied psychology.

[22]  Alyssa Friend Wise,et al.  Learning Analytics for Online Discussions: Embedded and Extracted Approaches , 2014, J. Learn. Anal..

[23]  Rebecca Ferguson,et al.  Learning analytics: drivers, developments and challenges , 2012 .

[24]  Rebecca Ferguson,et al.  Social Learning Analytics , 2012, J. Educ. Technol. Soc..

[25]  Richard N. Landers,et al.  Gamification of task performance with leaderboards: A goal setting experiment , 2017, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[26]  Sandra M. Chafouleas,et al.  Positive psychology goes to school: Are we there yet? , 2004 .

[27]  M. Segers,et al.  Factors affecting students' self-efficacy in higher education , 2011 .

[28]  Andrew J. Martin,et al.  Adaptability, personal best (PB) goals setting, and gains in students’ academic outcomes: A longitudinal examination from a social cognitive perspective , 2018 .

[29]  A. Hadwin,et al.  Examining students’ self-set goals for self-regulated learning: Goal properties and patterns , 2017 .

[30]  Marie Schmidt,et al.  Learning to Teach in Higher Education , 1992 .

[31]  Zhi-Hong Chen,et al.  Using game-based negotiation mechanism to enhance students' goal setting and regulation , 2019, Comput. Educ..

[32]  Carole A. Ames,et al.  Achievement Goals in the Classroom: Students' Learning Strategies and Motivation Processes , 1988 .

[33]  C. Evans.  Making Sense of Assessment Feedback in Higher Education , 2013 .

[34]  Erik Duval,et al.  Learning dashboards: an overview and future research opportunities , 2013, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.

[35]  Eric Jamet,et al.  Improving instructions in educational computer games: Exploring the relations between goal specificity, flow experience and learning outcomes , 2019, Comput. Hum. Behav..

[36]  S. Bennett,et al.  Using concept maps and goal-setting to support the development of self-regulated learning in a problem-based learning curriculum , 2016, Medical teacher.

[37]  Motivational profiles as a combination of academic goals in higher education , 2015 .

[38]  Alan Berg,et al.  Combining Learning Analytics with Job Market Intelligence to Support Learning at the Workplace , 2018 .

[39]  Jordan B. Peterson,et al.  A scalable goal-setting intervention closes both the gender and ethnic minority achievement gap , 2015, Palgrave Communications.

[40]  J. T. Austin,et al.  Goal constructs in psychology: Structure, process, and content. , 1996 .

[41]  G. Walton,et al.  Social-Psychological Interventions in Education , 2011 .