Geographic information system (GIS) and geographic position calibrating and querying method thereof

The invention discloses a geographic position calibrating and querying method for a geographic information system (GIS). The method comprises the following steps of: calibrating geographic positions of a linear entity and a point entity; storing the positions of calibrated geographic entities such as the linear entity and the point entity; and querying the positions of the linear entity and the point entity, wherein the geographic position of the calibrated linear entity comprises the orientation and the relative position of the linear entity; and the geographic position of the calibrated point entity comprises the geographic position of a linear entity which is closest to the point entity, and the relative position of the point entity. The invention further discloses the geographic information system (GIS). In the method, the geographic position is calibrated according to the relative position relationship between the point entity and the linear entity, and the method does not depend on the conventional GIS; manual input is convenient to realize; and the method has high expandability and reliability.