Antenna tuning without physical matching elements

Antennas are traditionally made resonant either by modifying their shape or with an external tuning circuitry. A novel, completely radical tuning method was lately proposed. There, a cluster of many mutually coupled antenna elements is fed with differently weighted signals. The total reflection from the cluster of antenna elements is minimized by selecting the complex weights for the feed signals properly. The concept is intuitively understandable in transmission, but more difficult to comprehend in reception. This paper, for the first time, demonstrates that the cluster operates reciprocally, i.e. the same way in transmission and reception. Unidirectional amplifiers are used in the simulations.