Energy Management of a Stand-Alone DC Microgrid Based on PV/Wind/Battery/ Diesel Gen. Combined with Supercapacitor

Distributed generation system is a reliable, economical and efficient electrification option that interconnects different energy sources. Small and local distribution generation system including storage systems and load is defined as a microgrid. This paper presents an energy management strategy to supervise the power flows in a stand-alone DC microgrid power generation plant. The plant is composed of: a wind turbine, a photovoltaic generator, battery storage system and diesel generator combined with a supercapacitor. The DC microgrid is designed and modeled using Matlab/ Simulink/ SimPowSys™ environment. The supercapacitor is utilized to cover the deficiency of power shortage during the start-up of the diesel generator. It is also utilized to compensate the limitations on the charging/discharging current of battery. The power balance of the suggested system is the main objective of the proposed management strategy. Some performance indexes are considered: the frequency deviation, the stability of the DC bus voltage and the AC voltage total harmonic distortion. The performances of the proposed strategy are evaluated by simulation in different operating conditions. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed power management strategy.

[1]  Fabrice Locment,et al.  Energy management of DC microgrid based on photovoltaic combined with diesel generator and supercapacitor , 2017 .

[2]  Ionel Vechiu,et al.  Comparison of three topologies and controls of a hybrid energy storage system for microgrids , 2012 .

[3]  S. C. Srivastava,et al.  Control Strategies of a DC Microgrid for Grid Connected and Islanded Operations , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[4]  Xiaoling Zhang,et al.  The role of renewable energy consumption and commercial services trade in carbon dioxide reduction: Evidence from 25 developing countries , 2018 .

[5]  Mohammed Ouassaid,et al.  Battery and supercapacitor for photovoltaic energy storage: a fuzzy logic management , 2017 .

[6]  Danna Zhou,et al.  d. , 1934, Microbial pathogenesis.

[7]  A. K. Akella,et al.  Power Flow Control of PV-Wind-Battery Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems for Stand-Alone Application , 2018 .

[8]  A. V. Meier.  Electric power systems : a conceptual introduction , 2006 .

[9]  Ning Xu,et al.  Nonlinear analysis of a classical system: The double‐layer capacitor , 2011 .

[10]  Osama A. Mohammed,et al.  DC microgrids and distribution systems: An overview , 2013, 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[11]  Yuji Mizuno,et al.  Evaluation of An Island Operation Method Smart Grid Using A Power Emulation System , 2018, 2018 International Conference on Smart Grid (icSmartGrid).

[12]  Qi Li,et al.  Two-level energy management strategy for PV-Fuel cell-battery-based DC microgrid , 2019, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy.

[13]  Alireza Maheri,et al.  A Multivariable Optimal Energy Management Strategy for Standalone DC Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[14]  Dong Chen,et al.  Control and Operation of a DC Microgrid With Variable Generation and Energy Storage , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[15]  Furkan Dincer,et al.  Optimal design of hybrid PV-Diesel-Battery systems for isolated lands: A case study for Kilis, Turkey , 2017 .

[16]  Jon Andreu,et al.  AC and DC technology in microgrids: A review , 2015 .

[17]  Maria Domenica Di Benedetto,et al.  Power management for a DC MicroGrid integrating renewables and storages , 2019, Control Engineering Practice.

[18]  Ebrahim Farjah,et al.  Distributed charge/discharge control of energy storages in a renewable-energy-based DC micro-grid , 2014 .

[19]  Ye Zhang,et al.  Energy management strategy of islanded microgrid based on power flow control , 2012, 2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT).

[20]  Michela Longo,et al.  Hybrid Renewable Energy System with Storage for Electrification – Case Study of Remote Northern Community in Canada , 2019 .

[21]  H. Kitano,et al.  Exchangeable batteries for micro EVs and renewable energy , 2017, 2017 IEEE 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA).

[22]  International Journal of Renewable Energy Research (IJRER) , 2018 .

[23]  Vahan Gevorgian,et al.  Analysis of permanent magnet generator for wind power battery charging , 1996, IAS '96. Conference Record of the 1996 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-First IAS Annual Meeting.

[24]  Chelsea Schelly,et al.  Solar PV-diesel hybrid systems for the Nigerian private sector: An impact assessment , 2019, Energy Policy.

[25]  Ilhami Colak,et al.  Modeling of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator in a Power Wind Generation System with an Electrochemical Energy Storage , 2018 .

[26]  S.S. Venkata,et al.  Wind energy explained: Theory, Design, and application [Book Review] , 2003, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[27]  J. T. Bialasiewicz,et al.  Hybrid power systems with diesel and wind turbine generation , 1998, Proceedings of the 1998 American Control Conference. ACC (IEEE Cat. No.98CH36207).

[28]  A. Chandra,et al.  Dynamic modeling of diesel generator based on electrical and mechanical aspects , 2016, 2016 IEEE Electrical Power and Energy Conference (EPEC).

[29]  Olivier Tremblay,et al.  Experimental validation of a battery dynamic model for EV applications , 2009 .

[30]  Djamila Rekioua,et al.  Energy management based fuzzy logic controller of hybrid system wind/photovoltaic/diesel with storage battery , 2017 .

[31]  Sukumar Mishra,et al.  Dynamic Power Management and Control of a PV PEM Fuel-Cell-Based Standalone ac/dc Microgrid Using Hybrid Energy Storage , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[32]  Maamar Bettayeb,et al.  Modelling and performance analysis of a stand-alone hybrid solar PV/Fuel Cell/Diesel Generator power system for university building , 2019, Energy.

[33]  Seung-Ki Sul,et al.  System Integration and Power-Flow Management for a Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Supercapacitors and Batteries , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[34]  Ramazan Bayindir,et al.  Microgrid testbeds around the world: State of art , 2014 .