Large Raman gain and nonlinear phase shifts in high-purity As 2 Se 3 chalcogenide fibers

Third-order Kerr nonlinearities and Raman gain are studied experimentally in high-purity As2Se3 optical fibers for wavelengths near 1.55 μm. Kerr nonlinear coefficients are measured to be nearly 1000 times higher than those for silica fibers. In pulsed mode, nonlinear phase shifts near 1.2-π rad are measured in fibers only 85 cm long with peak pulse powers near 3 W. However, there are nonlinear losses near 20% for nonlinear phase shifts near π. By use of a cw optical pump, large Raman gains nearly 800 times that of silica were measured. In the cw case there were losses in the form of index gratings formed from standing waves at the exit face of the fiber. Discrete Raman amplifiers and optical regenerators are discussed as possible applications.

[1]  J. Sanghera,et al.  Small-core As-Se fiber for Raman amplification. , 2003, Optics letters.

[2]  Mansoor Sheik-Bahae,et al.  Dispersion of bound electron nonlinear refraction in solids , 1991 .

[3]  F. Wise,et al.  Highly nonlinear As-S-Se glasses for all-optical switching. , 2002, Optics letters.

[4]  J. Tauc,et al.  The absorption edge of amorphous As2S3 , 1970 .

[5]  P. Mamyshev.  All-optical data regeneration based on self-phase modulation effect , 1998, 24th European Conference on Optical Communication. ECOC '98 (IEEE Cat. No.98TH8398).

[6]  F. Wise,et al.  Highly nonlinear Ge-As-Se and Ge-As-S-Se glasses for all-optical switching , 2002, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters.

[7]  David J. Richardson,et al.  High nonlinearity extruded single-mode holey optical fibers , 2002, Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit.

[8]  B. Eggleton,et al.  Microstructured optical fiber devices. , 2001, Optics express.

[9]  M. DiDomenico,et al.  Behavior of the Electronic Dielectric Constant in Covalent and Ionic Materials , 1971 .

[10]  Masaki Asobe,et al.  Nonlinear Optical Properties of Chalcogenide Glass Fibers and Their Application to All-Optical Switching , 1997 .

[11]  Jasbinder S. Sanghera,et al.  Active and passive chalcogenide glass optical fibers for IR applications: a review , 1999 .

[12]  D. Miller,et al.  Mechanism for enhanced optical nonlinearities and bistability by combined dielectric-electronic confinement in semiconductor microcrystallites. , 1986, Optics letters.

[13]  Gregory Raybon,et al.  Measurement of pulse degradation using all-optical 2R regenerator , 2002 .

[14]  M. E. Lines,et al.  OXIDE GLASSES FOR FAST PHOTONIC SWITCHING : A COMPARATIVE STUDY , 1991 .

[15]  S Spälter,et al.  Large Kerr effect in bulk Se-based chalcogenide glasses. , 2000, Optics letters.

[16]  David J. Richardson,et al.  Chalcogenide holey fibres , 2000 .

[17]  Y. Inuishi,et al.  Raman and Infrared Studies on Vibrational Properties of Ge–Se Glasses , 1977 .

[18]  J. T. Edmond.  Electronic conduction in As 2 Se 3 , As 2 Se 2 Te and similar materials , 1966 .

[19]  E. W. Stryland,et al.  Sensitive Measurement of Optical Nonlinearities Using a Single Beam Special 30th Anniversary Feature , 1990 .

[20]  A. Villeneuve,et al.  Comparison of nonlinear optical properties of sulfide glasses in bulk and thin film form , 1998 .

[21]  Sylvia Smolorz,et al.  Studies of optical non-linearities of chalcogenide and heavy-metal oxide glasses , 1999 .

[22]  K. Hill,et al.  Photosensitivity in optical fiber waveguides: Application to reflection filter fabrication , 1978 .

[23]  Ishwar D. Aggarwal,et al.  Applications of chalcogenide glass optical fibers , 2002 .