Long-term changes in extreme temperatures and precipitation in Spain

La creacio de les bases de dades de temperatura i precipitacio diaries anomenades, respectivament, Spanish Daily Adjusted Temperature Series (SDATS) i Spanish Daily Adjusted Precipitation Series (SDAPS), en el marc del projecte financat per la Comissio Europea EMULATE (European and North Atlantic daily to MULtidecadal climATE variability), ha permes als autors analitzar el canvi a llarg termini que s'ha produit en el comportament anual dels extrems climatics a l'Espanya peninsular durant el periode 1901-2005. El conjunt de procediments desenvolupats pels autors per tal de crear registres homogenis de la temperatura i de la precipitacio diaries son descrits de manera breu abans d'analitzar els canvis observats en l'ocurrencia d'extrems climatics. S'han utilitzat els indicadors se - guents per a dur a terme aquest estudi: excedencies dels percentils inferiors i superiors de les temperatures maximes (Tmax) i minimes (Tmin) diaries, excedencies de la precipitacio diaria per sobre dels percentils 95e i 99e, l'index simple d'intensitat diaria (SDII) i els indicadors d'1 i 5 dies amb la precipitacio mes alta de l'any. Tant l'analisi dels percentils superiors de les temperatures com la dels inferiors mostren que s'ha produit un escalfament important sobre l'Espanya peninsular al llarg del segle XX, i que aquest ha estat mes important en les temperatures maximes que en les temperatures minimes. No obstant aixo, aquest patro presenta un lleuger canvi en el periode mes recent d'escalfament, en el qual la tendencia d'ambdues variables presenta valors similars. Els canvis en els indicadors pluviometrics no son tan clars com els estimats per la temperatura, pero s'ha detectat una tendencia cap a l'ocurrencia de pluges mes intenses.

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