Quantum Steganography Embedded Any Secret Text without Changing the Content of Cover Data

Steganography is a technique hiding secret information within innocent-looking information (e.g., text, audio, image, video, and so on). In this paper, we propose a quantum steganography protocol using plain text as innocent-looking information called cover data. Our steganograpy protocol has three features. First, we can use any plain text that is inde-pendent of any secret message sent between parties. When we make stego data, we do not need to change the content of plain text at all. Second, embedded messages are not included in opened information (innocent-looking messages), but are included as phases of the entangled states. Finally, in quantum states shared between parties in advance, i.e., as quantum keys used when the parties recover secret messages from stego data, neither innocent-looking information nor the information of any secret message is included.

[1]  Yixian Yang,et al.  Quantum steganography with large payload based on entanglement swapping of χ-type entangled states , 2011 .

[2]  Debbie W. Leung,et al.  Quantum data hiding , 2002, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[3]  Todd A. Brun,et al.  Quantum steganography , 2010, Digital Media Steganography.

[4]  P. Oscar Boykin,et al.  A Proof of the Security of Quantum Key Distribution , 1999, STOC '00.

[5]  Gilles Brassard,et al.  Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing , 2014, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[6]  Andrew Chi-Chih Yao,et al.  Quantum cryptography with imperfect apparatus , 1998, Proceedings 39th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (Cat. No.98CB36280).

[7]  Charles H. Bennett,et al.  Quantum cryptography using any two nonorthogonal states. , 1992, Physical review letters.

[8]  J. Gea-Banacloche.  Hiding messages in quantum data , 2002 .

[9]  R. Cleve,et al.  HOW TO SHARE A QUANTUM SECRET , 1999, quant-ph/9901025.

[10]  D. Leung,et al.  Hiding bits in bell states. , 2000, Physical Review Letters.

[11]  David P. DiVincenzo,et al.  Hiding Quantum Data , 2002 .

[12]  Shin Natori,et al.  Why Quantum Steganography Can Be Stronger Than Classical Steganography , 2006 .

[13]  Dominic Mayers,et al.  Unconditional security in quantum cryptography , 1998, JACM.

[14]  Xinxin Niu,et al.  Novel quantum steganography with large payload , 2010 .

[15]  Ekert,et al.  Quantum cryptography based on Bell's theorem. , 1991, Physical review letters.

[16]  Shor,et al.  Simple proof of security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol , 2000, Physical review letters.

[17]  Keye Martin,et al.  Steganographic Communication with Quantum Information , 2007, Information Hiding.

[18]  Lo,et al.  Unconditional security of quantum key distribution over arbitrarily long distances , 1999, Science.

[19]  R F Werner,et al.  Hiding classical data in multipartite quantum states. , 2002, Physical review letters.

[20]  Peter W. Shor,et al.  Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Prime Factorization and Discrete Logarithms on a Quantum Computer , 1995, SIAM Rev..