Pictorial and conceptual representation of glimpsed pictures.

Pictures seen in a rapid sequence are remembered briefly, but most are forgotten within a few seconds (M. C. Potter. A. Staub, J. Rado. & D. H. O'Connor. 2002). The authors investigated the pictorial and conceptual components of this fleeting memory by presenting 5 pictured scenes and immediately testing recognition of verbal titles (e.g., people at a table) or recognition of the pictures themselves. Recognition declined during testing, but initial performance was higher and the decline steeper when pictures were tested. A final experiment included test decoy pictures that were conceptually similar to but visually distinct from the original pictures. Yeses to decoys were higher than yeses to other distractors. Fleeting memory for glimpsed pictures has a strong conceptual component (conceptual short-term memory), but there is additional highly volatile pictorial memory (pictorial short-term memory) that is not tapped hy a gist title or decoy picture.

[1]  Donald A. Norman,et al.  A non-parametric analysis of recognition experiments , 1964 .

[2]  R. Nickerson,et al.  SHORT-TERM MEMORY FOR COMPLEX MEANINGFUL VISUAL CONFIGURATIONS: A DEMONSTRATION OF CAPACITY. , 1965, Canadian journal of psychology.

[3]  R. Shepard.  Recognition memory for words, sentences, and pictures , 1967 .

[4]  M. Potter,et al.  Recognition memory for a rapid sequence of pictures. , 1969, Journal of experimental psychology.

[5]  J. Grier,et al.  Nonparametric indexes for sensitivity and bias: computing formulas. , 1971, Psychological bulletin.

[6]  L. Standing.  Learning 10000 pictures , 1973 .

[7]  L. Standing.  Learning 10,000 pictures. , 1973, The Quarterly journal of experimental psychology.

[8]  M. Potter.  Meaning in visual search. , 1975, Science.

[9]  J G Snodgrass,et al.  Storage and retrieval properties of dual codes for pictures and words in recognition memory. , 1975, Journal of experimental psychology. Human learning and memory.

[10]  M. Potter.  Short-term conceptual memory for pictures. , 1976, Journal of experimental psychology. Human learning and memory.

[11]  W. A. Phillips,et al.  Components of Visual Memory , 1977 .

[12]  H. Intraub.  The role of implicit naming in pictorial encoding. , 1979 .

[13]  H. Intraub,et al.  Presentation rate and the representation of briefly glimpsed pictures in memory. , 1980, Journal of experimental psychology. Human learning and memory.

[14]  B. Fischhoff,et al.  Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , 1980 .

[15]  H. Intraub.  Rapid conceptual identification of sequentially presented pictures. , 1981 .

[16]  J. G. Snodgrass,et al.  Pragmatics of measuring recognition memory: applications to dementia and amnesia. , 1988, Journal of experimental psychology. General.

[17]  Neil A. Macmillan,et al.  Detection Theory: A User's Guide , 1991 .

[18]  M. Potter.  Very short-term conceptual memory , 1993, Memory & cognition.

[19]  W. Donaldson,et al.  Accuracy of d′ and A′ as estimates of sensitivity , 1993 .

[20]  Steven M. J. Hunt,et al.  MacProbe: A Macintosh-based experimenter’s workstation for the cognitive sciences , 1994 .

[21]  S. Gronlund,et al.  Global matching models of recognition memory: How the models match the data , 1996, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[22]  Ronald A. Rensink,et al.  TO SEE OR NOT TO SEE: The Need for Attention to Perceive Changes in Scenes , 1997 .

[23]  Edward K. Vogel,et al.  The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions , 1997, Nature.

[24]  Ronald A. Rensink,et al.  On the Failure to Detect Changes in Scenes Across Brief Interruptions , 2000 .

[25]  M. Potter,et al.  Constrained Formation of Object Representations , 2002, Psychological science.

[26]  J. Henderson,et al.  Accurate visual memory for previously attended objects in natural scenes , 2002 .

[27]  Daniel T. Levin,et al.  Evidence for Preserved Representations in Change Blindness , 2002, Consciousness and Cognition.

[28]  M. Potter,et al.  Recognition memory for briefly presented pictures: the time course of rapid forgetting. , 2002, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[29]  A. Hollingworth.  Failures of retrieval and comparison constrain change detection in natural scenes. , 2003, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[30]  Andrew Hollingworth,et al.  The relationship between online visual representation of a scene and long-term scene memory. , 2005, Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition.