4-D seismic: The fourth dimension in reservoir management. Part 1: What is 4-D and how does it improve recovery efficiency?

This first part of a six-part series explains how 4-D was developed, and how any company can take advantage of this new technology. Actual seismic response at various times in the life of a producing field are used to illustrate how 4-D technology is applied. Bypassed production is identified, and improved reservoir management is the end result.