Episodic flow-duration analysis : a method of assessing toxic exposure of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to episodic increases in aluminum

Episodic flow–duration curves were developed that summarize stream flow data by considering the duration of sustained flows at or above specified levels. These curves and relationships between dissolved aluminum concentrations and stream flow were combined for five Appalachian (Pennsylvania) streams to determine the frequency of occurrence of acutely toxic aluminum conditions for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Concentrations of total dissolved aluminum (AlTD) increased with stream flow in all streams, but reached a plateau or decreased during extreme high flows in some streams. AlTD was dominated by inorganic monomeric species in all streams except Benner Run and Baldwin Creek. Episodic AlTD concentrations and durations were compared with a toxicity curve developed using caged wild and hatchery-reared brook trout. Results predicted that lethal episodes occurred on Linn, Stone, and Roberts runs, but not on Benner Run and Baldwin Creek. With the exception of Stone Run, brook trout populations were lar...

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