Calcium anacardate as growth promoter for piglets at the nursery phase

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of calcium anacardate on the performance, diarrhea incidence, blood parameters, intestinal morphometry, and pH of gastrointestinal contents in piglets from 21 to 42 days of age. Sixty weaned Topigs piglets, with initial weight of 6.049±0.311 kg, were distributed in the following treatments: diet with or without antibiotic growth promoter (zinc bacitracin) and diets supplemented with increasing levels of calcium anacardate (0.4, 0.8, and 1.2%), with six replicates and two animals per experimental unit. No differences in performance (21 to 42 days of age), blood parameters, and villus height:crypt depth ratio were found between piglets fed diets containing calcium anacardate or antibiotic growth promoter. The replacement of the antibiotic growth promoter zinc bacitracin by calcium anacardate results in similar performance in piglets from 21 to 42 days of age, without changes in blood parameters and in the villus height:crypt depth ratio. The dietary inclusion of calcium anacardate does not decrease diarrhea incidence compared with the antibiotic zinc bacitracin.

[1]  V. Nizet,et al.  Natural Product Anacardic Acid from Cashew Nut Shells Stimulates Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Production and Bactericidal Activity* , 2016, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[2]  J. Ramana,et al.  A review of the effects of dietary organic acids fed to swine , 2015, Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology.

[3]  E. Mubofu,et al.  Potential Biological Applications of Bio-Based Anacardic Acids and Their Derivatives , 2015, International journal of molecular sciences.

[4]  J. Nielsen,et al.  Early indicators of iron deficiency in large piglets at weaning , 2015, Journal of Swine Health and Production.

[5]  H. Goudarzi,et al.  Comparison of the Inhibitory Effects of Antibiotics With That of Pistachio Skin Extract on Enteric Bacteria , 2014 .

[6]  P. Watanabe,et al.  Probiótico em dietas de suínos sobre os parâmetros sanguíneos e digestibilidade de rações , 2014 .

[7]  G. Christodoulopoulos,et al.  THE USE OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN MONOGASTRIC ANIMALS (SWINE AND RABBITS) , 2012 .

[8]  E. Petridou,et al.  Effect of benzoic acid and combination of benzoic acid with a probiotic containing Bacillus cereus var. Toyoi in weaned pig nutrition. , 2011, Polish journal of veterinary sciences.

[9]  V. S. Miyada,et al.  ACIDIFICANTES COMO ALTERNATIVA AOS ANTIMICROBIANOS PROMOTORES DO CRESCIMENTO DE LEITÕES , 2011 .

[10]  M. I. Hannas,et al.  Efeito da adição de agentes tróficos na dieta de leitões desmamados sobre a estrutura e ultraestrutura do intestino delgado e sobre o desempenho , 2011 .

[11]  M. Zangeronimo,et al.  Probiotics and antibiotics as additives for sows and piglets during nursery phase , 2010 .

[12]  B. Narasimhan,et al.  EFFICIENCY OF ANACARDIC ACID AS PRESERVATIVE IN TOMATO PRODUCTS , 2008 .

[13]  B. Aggarwal,et al.  Anacardic acid (6-nonadecyl salicylic acid), an inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase, suppresses expression of nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated gene products involved in cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and inflammation through inhibition of the inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor-kappaBalp , 2008, Blood.

[14]  Defa Li,et al.  Effects of Organic Acids on Growth Performance, Gastrointestinal pH, Intestinal Microbial Populations and Immune Responses of Weaned Pigs , 2008 .

[15]  V. Arantes,et al.  NÍVEIS DE ZINCO NA DIETA DE LEITÕES RECÉM-DESMAMADOS SOBRE O PERFIL DE PARÂMETROS SANGÜÍNEOS , 2007 .

[16]  J. S. Radcliffe,et al.  Effects of water and diet acidification with and without antibiotics on weanling pig growth and microbial shedding. , 2007, Journal of animal science.

[17]  C. F. Hansen,et al.  Organic acids, prebiotics and protein level as dietary tools to control the weaning transition and reduce post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets , 2007 .

[18]  L. L. Oetting,et al.  Efeitos de antimicrobianos, prebióticos, probióticos e extratos vegetais sobre a microbiota intestinal, a freqüência de diarréia e o desempenho de leitões recém-desmamados , 2006 .

[19]  S. Kim,et al.  Phytobiotics and Organic Acids As Potential Alternatives to the Use of Antibiotics in Nursery Pig Diets , 2006 .

[20]  H. Bartsch,et al.  Characterization of alkyl phenols in cashew (Anacardium occidentale) products and assay of their antioxidant capacity. , 2006, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[21]  A. A. Pedroso,et al.  Variabilidade espacial da comunidade bacteriana intestinal de suínos suplementados com antibióticos ou extratos herbais , 2005 .

[22]  P. Vithayathil,et al.  Novel method for isolation of major phenolic constituents from cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) nut shell liquid. , 2001, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[23]  Z. Mroz,et al.  Organic acids for performance enhancement in pig diets , 1999, Nutrition Research Reviews.

[24]  I. Kubo,et al.  Antibacterial activity of anacardic acid and totarol, alone and in combination with methicillin, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. , 1996, The Journal of applied bacteriology.

[25]  E. J.,et al.  Organic acids in diets of weaned piglets : performance , digestibility and economical viability , 2016 .

[26]  Julien Chiquieri,et al.  ÁCIDOS ORGÂNICOS NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE LEITÕES DESMAMADOS , 2009 .

[27]  J. Lallès.  Nutrition and gut health of the young pig around weaning: what news? , 2008 .

[28]  O. Behmer,et al.  Manual de técnicas para histologia: normal e patológica , 2003 .

[29]  J. Kaneko.  Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals , 1963 .