Multitask load transmission line patrol robot and system

The embodiment of the invention discloses a multitask load transmission line patrol robot and system. A data fusing complementary positioning module and an inertial navigation unit are arranged on a robot, so that the inertial navigation unit can be utilized to uninterruptedly acquire high-precision position information and attitude information when a positioning module is not reliable, the positioning module can be utilized to correct the inertial navigation unit so as to continue outputting the high-precision position information and attitude information of the sensor in the case that the inertial navigation unit has a large error, and the technical problem of inaccurate measurement for the distance from the target to the sensor caused by failure in accurately acquiring the position of the sensor under the severe environment (urban gorge, bridge tunnel building or tree dense region) or the condition of unreliable GPS system in the prior art can be solved.