Preliminary observations of increased diffusional kurtosis in human brain following recent cerebral infarction

By application of the MRI method of diffusional kurtosis imaging, a substantially increased diffusional kurtosis was observed within the cerebral ischemic lesions of three stroke subjects, 13–26 h following the onset of symptoms. This increase is interpreted as probably reflecting a higher degree of diffusional heterogeneity in the lesions when compared with normal‐appearing contralateral tissue. In addition, for two of the subjects with white matter infarcts, the increase had a strong fiber tract orientational dependence. It is proposed that this effect is consistent with a large drop in the intra‐axonal diffusivity, possibly related to either axonal varicosities or alterations associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

[1]  J. Helpern,et al.  Three‐dimensional characterization of non‐gaussian water diffusion in humans using diffusion kurtosis imaging , 2006, NMR in biomedicine.

[2]  K. Svoboda,et al.  Time-dependent diffusion of water in a biological model system. , 1994, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[3]  Y. Oida,et al.  Involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the neuronal death induced by transient forebrain ischemia in gerbil , 2008, Neuroscience.

[4]  Alexei Verkhratsky,et al.  Physiology and pathophysiology of the calcium store in the endoplasmic reticulum of neurons. , 2005, Physiological reviews.

[5]  Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging in Acute Human Stroke , 2008 .

[6]  K. Kaibuchi,et al.  CaMKII phosphorylates collapsin response mediator protein 2 and modulates axonal damage during glutamate excitotoxicity , 2009, Journal of neurochemistry.

[7]  T. Omae,et al.  Separating changes in the intra‐ and extracellular water apparent diffusion coefficient following focal cerebral ischemia in the rat brain , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[8]  R. Dijkhuizen,et al.  Changes in the Diffusion of Water and Intracellular Metabolites after Excitotoxic Injury and Global Ischemia in Neonatal Rat Brain , 1999, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[9]  H. Lutsep,et al.  Clinical utility of diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of ischemic stroke , 1997, Annals of neurology.

[10]  R R Edelman,et al.  Time course of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) abnormality in human stroke , 1997, Neurology.

[11]  Ed X. Wu,et al.  Towards better MR characterization of neural tissues using directional diffusion kurtosis analysis , 2008, NeuroImage.

[12]  R. Gonzalez,et al.  Diffusion-weighted MR imaging of the brain. , 2000, Radiology.

[13]  J. Helpern,et al.  Diffusional kurtosis imaging: The quantification of non‐gaussian water diffusion by means of magnetic resonance imaging , 2005, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[14]  C. Nicholson,et al.  Cell cavities increase tortuosity in brain extracellular space. , 2005, Journal of theoretical biology.

[15]  C. Springer,et al.  Effects of equilibrium exchange on diffusion‐weighted NMR signals: The diffusigraphic “shutter‐speed” , 2003, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[16]  E. Shimosegawa,et al.  How does water diffusion in human white matter change following ischemic stroke? , 2009, Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

[17]  K. Nicolay,et al.  Ischemia‐induced ADC changes are larger than osmotically‐induced ADC changes in a neonatal rat hippocampus model , 2005, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[18]  Joseph A. Helpern,et al.  Quantifying Non-Gaussian Water Diffusion by Means of Pulsed-Field-Gradient MRI , 2003 .

[19]  J. Gore,et al.  Theoretical Model for Water Diffusion in Tissues , 1995, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[20]  Akio Suzumura,et al.  Neuritic Beading Induced by Activated Microglia Is an Early Feature of Neuronal Dysfunction Toward Neuronal Death by Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration and Axonal Transport* , 2005, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[21]  J. Helpern,et al.  MRI quantification of non‐Gaussian water diffusion by kurtosis analysis , 2010, NMR in biomedicine.

[22]  J. Frank,et al.  Neurite beading is sufficient to decrease the apparent diffusion coefficient after ischemic stroke , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[23]  Josef Pfeuffer,et al.  Water diffusion in rat brain in vivo as detected at very large b values is multicompartmental , 2022 .

[24]  D. Dewar,et al.  Changes of cytoskeletal protein immunostaining in myelinated fibre tracts after focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat , 1996, Acta Neuropathologica.

[25]  L. Hedlund,et al.  Mechanism of Detection of Acute Cerebral Ischemia in Rats by Diffusion‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Microscopy , 1992, Stroke.