This report documents the status of and experiences with mini-grid systems in Tanzania. It sheds light on the experiences ofsmall power producers operating mini-grids,explains the choices they make regarding different technologies and business ownership models, and evaluates how these choices are working out in practice. The report identifies a number of success factors in mini-grid development and operation,highlights challenges that impede progress, and recommends actions to streamline and acceleratethe development of mini-grids in Tanzania. Itis based on primary and secondary research,including interviews with representatives from government, the public utility, the Rural Energy Agency, mini-grid developers, funding partners,and villagers in Tanzania. The evidence presentedcan inform policymakers, development partners,and other stakeholders in Sub-Saharan African countries who wish to develop their own strategies for mini-grid development.