An electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) sensor consists of multiple electrodes, usually mounted outside an insulating pipe. To calibrate an ECT system it has been necessary to physically fill the sensor consecutively with samples of a low permittivity material and a high permittivity material to be imaged. In some cases, however, it is physically difficult to fill the sensor with a material with a suitable permittivity. This paper describes a calibration method in which the sensor does not have to be filled with the material to be imaged, thus allowing materials of any permittivities in a certain range to be imaged. Experimental results show that the full-range capacitance values predicted by this method are satisfactory, with a root mean square (RMS) error of 7.1%.
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