CARS THAT KNOW WHERE THEY'RE GOING

The article describes new automobile electronic devices and navigation systems that will help drivers reach their destination faster, avoid traffic jams, and even find a parking space. Presently, on-board computer systems can control the engine, prevent the wheels from locking when braked, and adjust the suspenion when the car is carrying a heavy load or when the road is bad. The next major step will be the addition of navigation computers. Later generations of smart cars will integrate these systems with collision avoidance systems and automatic headway control. The use of proximity beacons and the Electronic Route Guidance System (ERGS) research by the U.S. government is described. Satellite approaches to automobile navigation, and General Motors and Chrysler research in this area are also discussed. Dead reckoning and map matching are described. Navigation systems near the market stage of development are reviewed and include Electro Multivision (Toyota); Etak Navigator used by General Motors; CARIN (developed in the Netherlands); ALI-SCOUT; and MAPIX-III. Government-industry cooperative programs will determine how fast these developments are available.