Deux modèles vectoriels de la mémoire sémantique : description, théorie et perspectives

Les modeles Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA ; Landauer et Dumais, 1997) et Hyperspace Analog to Language (HAL ; Lund et Burgess, 1996) peuvent etre qualifies d'abstractifs (Tiberghien, 1997) car ils modelisent le resultat d'une generalisation semantique sur un ensemble d'episodes d'apprentissage. Ces modeles analysent statistiquement la distribution de mots dans de larges corpus textuels pour elaborer un espace semantique dans lequel chaque mot est represente par un vecteur. L'objectif de cet article est de decrire ces deux modeles en les comparant. Nous montrons que ces modeles sont capables de predire des resultats d'amorcage semantique et qu'ils peuvent etre couples a des modeles de comprehension tels que Construction-Integration (Kintsch, 1988) pour simuler les activites psychologiques d'acces a la signification, de predication et de construction d'une representation mentale coherente d'un texte

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