Effectiveness of interventions on opiate withdrawal treatment: an overview of systematic reviews.

[1]  M. Farrell,et al.  Prison based detoxification for opioid dependence: a randomised double blind controlled trial of lofexidine and methadone. , 2002, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[2]  J. Marsden,et al.  Change and stability of change after treatment of drug misuse: 2-year outcomes from the National Treatment Outcome Research Study (UK). , 2002, Addictive behaviors.

[3]  Jason M. White,et al.  α2‐Adrenergic agonists in opioid withdrawal , 2002 .

[4]  L. Amato,et al.  Measures of outcomes in opiate detoxification trials: an experience of the Cochrane drugs and alcohol group , 2001 .

[5]  S. Gardini,et al.  Lofexidine versus clonidine in rapid opiate detoxification. , 2001, Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment.

[6]  J. Strang,et al.  The impact of naloxone/lofexidine combination treatment on the opiate withdrawal syndrome , 2001, Addiction biology.

[7]  T. Mark,et al.  The economic costs of heroin addiction in the United States. , 2001, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[8]  J. Duchin,et al.  Sharing of drug preparation equipment as a risk factor for hepatitis C. , 2001, American journal of public health.

[9]  M. Ferri,et al.  The Cochrane Review Group on Drugs and Alcohol. , 2000, Addiction.

[10]  G. Conte,et al.  Combined use of trazodone-naltrexone versus clonidine-naltrexone in rapid withdrawal from methadone treatment. A comparative inpatient study. , 2000, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[11]  J. Strang,et al.  Naltrexone and lofexidine combination treatment compared with conventional lofexidine treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification. , 2000, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[12]  N. Scherbaum,et al.  Acute detoxification of opioid‐addicted patients with naloxone during propofol or methohexital anesthesia: A comparison of withdrawal symptoms, neuroendocrine, metabolic, and cardiovascular patterns , 2000, Critical care medicine.

[13]  G. Gerra,et al.  Rapid opiate detoxication in outpatient treatment: relationship with naltrexone compliance. , 2000, Journal of substance abuse treatment.

[14]  H. Emrich,et al.  Buprenorphine and carbamazepine as a treatment for detoxification of opiate addicts with multiple drug misuse: a pilot study , 2000, Addiction biology.

[15]  R. Battjes,et al.  Introduction to the special issue: treatment process in DATOS. , 1999, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[16]  K. Preston,et al.  Naltrexone shortened opioid detoxification with buprenorphine. , 1999, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[17]  J. Strang,et al.  Accelerated lofexidine treatment regimen compared with conventional lofexidine and methadone treatment for in-patient opiate detoxification. , 1998, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[18]  T. Carnwath,et al.  Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and clonidine in the out-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal. , 1998, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[19]  J. Strang,et al.  Double-blind randomised controlled trial of lofexidine versus clonidine in the treatment of heroin withdrawal. , 1997, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[20]  L. Cabré,et al.  Efficacy and safety of two new methods of rapid intravenous detoxification in heroin addicts previously treated without success , 1997, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[21]  B. Rounsaville,et al.  Three Methods of Opioid Detoxification in a Primary Care Setting , 1997, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[22]  A. Velardi,et al.  The association carbamazepine-mianserin in opiate withdrawal: a double blind pilot study versus clonidine. , 1997, Pharmacological research.

[23]  F. Forastiere,et al.  A persistent rise in mortality among injection drug users in Rome, 1980 through 1992. , 1997, American journal of public health.

[24]  Z. Liu,et al.  Rapid detoxification of heroin dependence by buprenorphine. , 1997, Zhongguo yao li xue bao = Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[25]  J. Mumford,et al.  Double-blind study of lofexidine and clonidine in the detoxification of opiate addicts in hospital. , 1997, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[26]  A. Malhotra,et al.  Clonidine versus Withdrawal Using an Opioid in In-Patient Opioid Detoxification , 1997 .

[27]  J. Strang,et al.  Randomised double-blind comparison of lofexidine and methadone in the in-patient treatment of opiate withdrawal. , 1996, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[28]  W. Hall,et al.  Overdose among heroin users in Sydney, Australia: I. Prevalence and correlates of non-fatal overdose. , 1996, Addiction.

[29]  J. Gray,et al.  Craving and drug reward: a comparison of methadone and clonidine in detoxifying opiate addicts. , 1995, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[30]  M. Passeri,et al.  Clonidine and opiate receptor antagonists in the treatment of heroin addiction. , 1995, Journal of substance abuse treatment.

[31]  L. Cheskin,et al.  A controlled comparison of buprenorphine and clonidine for acute detoxification from opioids. , 1994, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[32]  A. Serretti,et al.  Opiate detoxification of methadone maintenance patients using lefetamine, clonidine and buprenorphine. , 1994, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[33]  M. Gossop,et al.  Efficacy of methadone versus methadone and guanfacine in the detoxification of heroin-addicted patients. , 1994, Journal of substance abuse treatment.

[34]  B. M. Tripathi,et al.  Buprenorphine in opiate withdrawal: a comparison with clonidine. , 1993, Journal of substance abuse treatment.

[35]  王玉明,et al.  海洛因成瘾的快速脱瘾治疗（可乐宁与美沙酮效能的对照研究） , 1993 .

[36]  M. Torrens,et al.  Assessment and management of opioid withdrawal symptoms in buprenorphine-dependent subjects. , 1992, British journal of addiction.

[37]  J. Strang,et al.  Comparison of linear versus inverse exponential methadone reduction curves in the detoxification of opiate addicts. , 1990, Addictive behaviors.

[38]  M. Porta,et al.  Efficacy of clonidine, guanfacine and methadone in the rapid detoxification of heroin addicts: a controlled clinical trial. , 1990, British journal of addiction.

[39]  D. Turkington,et al.  Chlordiazepoxide vs. methadone in opiate withdrawal: a preliminary double blind trial. , 1989, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[40]  A. Gupta,et al.  Clonidine in heroin withdrawal syndrome: a controlled study in India. , 1988, British journal of addiction.

[41]  T. Kosten,et al.  Clinical utility of rapid clonidine-naltrexone detoxification for opioid abusers. , 1988, British journal of addiction.

[42]  M. Gossop,et al.  Effects of information on the opiate withdrawal syndrome. , 1988, British journal of addiction.

[43]  K. Täschner.  A Controlled Comparison of Clonidine and Doxepin in the Treatment of the Opiate Withdrawal Syndrome , 1986, Pharmacopsychiatry.

[44]  J. Benos.  [Clonidine in opiate withdrawal syndrome]. , 1985, Fortschritte der Medizin.

[45]  J. Camí,et al.  Efficacy of clonidine and of methadone in the rapid detoxification of patients dependent on heroin , 1985, Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics.

[46]  D. Charney,et al.  Clonidine in outpatient detoxification from methadone maintenance. , 1985, Archives of general psychiatry.

[47]  R. Rawson,et al.  Efficacy of psychotherapeutic counselling during 21-day ambulatory heroin detoxification. , 1983, NIDA research monograph.

[48]  W. Hargreaves,et al.  Withdrawal from heroin in three or six weeks. Comparison of methadyl acetate and methadone. , 1982, Archives of general psychiatry.

[49]  A. Washton,et al.  CLONIDINE VERSUS METHADONE FOR OPIATE DETOXIFICATION , 1980, The Lancet.

[50]  S. Hall,et al.  Contingency management and information feedback in outpatient heroin detoxification , 1979 .

[51]  W. Hargreaves,et al.  Detoxification from heroin using self vs physician regulation of methadone dose. , 1979, The International journal of the addictions.

[52]  B. Lal,et al.  Experiences of a methadone detoxification programme for opium addicts. , 1976, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[53]  G. Edwards.  THE ALCOHOLIC DOCTOR A Case of Neglect , 1975, The Lancet.

[54]  F. Tennant,et al.  Heroin detoxification. A comparison of propoxyphene and methadone. , 1975, JAMA.