Cognition and Personality

Personality traits such as extraversion and anxiety relate to various cognitive processes important for task performance and adaptation in real-life contexts. This article reviews the experimental evidence from performance studies that relates major traits to individual differences in cognitive functions including attention and working memory. The article also surveys the contribution of cognitive psychological constructs and methods to other major topics in personality. Personality may relate to the contents of the ‘cognitive self,’ influencing social behavior. Traits may also be associated with styles of self-regulation that shape emotional experience. Finally, cognitive content and process attributes of traits may influence vulnerability to mental disorders including anxiety and depression.

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