A Distributed Measurement of Road Density

Vehicular Ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are a specific class of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks made by vehicles communicating among themselves in roads in urban and rural environments. The well-known unicast routing protocols implemented for MANETs (Mobile Area Networks) are not suitable for VANETs due to high mobility. Routing over VANET is a challenging task due to highly dynamic network topology. In order to avoid a frequent communication link failure and reduce the communication overhead among mobile nodes, we implemented a new routing protocol based on measuring with accuracy road densities in a distributed manner. Each computed route is a list of roads (between two successive anchors). The aim is to built the route having the highest density composed by the density of each component road. In this paper we present a distributed algorithm which measures the density in a road by exchanging CDP (Control Data Packets) between a group of vehicles on a road. Each group is represented by a leader which is in charge of measuring the density periodically and send it to the next group leader. The last group leader will have the actual density at each period. This protocol has been developed over the simulator OMNET++. We have conducted extensive simulations with different scenarios to evaluate the scalability of the approach and the robustness against frequent topology changes. The evaluation stated that our proposal has higher performance measures than the existing routing protocols as EGyTAR. We have evaluated packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and overhead.

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