An ordered set of power-efficiency trade-offs

In this paper, we derive a number of inequalities which express power-efficiency trade-offs that hold generally for thermodynamic machines operating in non-equilibrium stationary states. One of these inequalities concerns the output power, which is bounded by a quadratic function of the thermodynamic efficiency multiplied by a factor. Different factors can be obtained according to the level of knowledge one has about the underlying dynamics of the machine, they can depend for instance on the covariance of the input flux, the dynamical activity, or the non-equilibrium conductance.

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