THE EMERGING FIELD OF GEOETHICS

The geosciences need practitioners who possess an ethical conscience and the desire to act responsibly. Ethically responsible geoscientists will achieve success and satisfaction by carrying out excellent research and professional activities, and by maintaining honest and open collaborations with colleagues. Such individuals will be able to contribute to building a resilient society, be better prepared to face global economic and environmental challenges and be willing to take concrete actions for the conservation of the geoenvironment. Geoethics provides ethical, social, and cultural values for the scientific community and for society as a whole. Geoethics represents a new vision of a world in which it is possible to maintain a more balanced relationship between humans and nature, considering modern economic and social development expectations. This chapter illustrates some aspects of geoethics, provides an overview of its basic values and themes, and highlights prominent global issues that involve geoethics, including climate change, geo-risks, land management, exploitation of geo-resources, and sustainability. The International Association for Promoting Geoethics (IAPG) provides a multidisciplinary platform for discussion, a place where multidisciplinary collaboration can strengthen the development of geoethics from a scientific and philosophical perspective, in order to better introduce geoethical values into society.

[1]  C. Newhall.  Professional conduct of scientists during volcanic crises , 1999 .

[2]  Ian Lambert,et al.  Scientific Advice Underpinning Decisions on Major Challenges , 2013 .

[3]  Kim A. Kastens,et al.  Righting the balance: Gender diversity in the geosciences , 2003 .

[4]  Naomi Oreskes,et al.  Viewpoint: Why Disclosure Matters. , 2015, Environmental science & technology.

[5]  Jeff Tollefson,et al.  Earth science wrestles with conflict-of-interest policies , 2015, Nature.

[6]  Bernard C. K. Choi,et al.  Multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity in health research, services, education and policy: 1. Definitions, objectives, and evidence of effectiveness. , 2006, Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale.

[7]  Alan Marshall,et al.  Ethics and the Extraterrestrial Environment , 1993 .

[8]  R. Pachauri,et al.  Climate change 2014 : synthesis report : A report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change , 2014 .

[9]  T. L. Scheid-Cook,et al.  A Sand County Almanac , 1949 .

[10]  Silvia Peppoloni,et al.  The Meaning of Geoethics , 2014 .

[11]  Joseph A. Grassi.  Peter in the New Testament . Edited by Brown Raymond E., Donfried Karl P. and Reumann John. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House; New York/Paramus/Toronto: Paulist Press, 1973. 181 pages. $1.95 (paper). , 1974 .

[12]  Fausto Guzzetti,et al.  Forecasting natural hazards, performance of scientists, ethics, and the need for transparency , 2015, Toxicological and environmental chemistry.

[13]  Dario Albarello,et al.  Communicating uncertainty: managing the inherent probabilistic character of hazard estimates , 2013 .

[14]  Silvia Peppoloni,et al.  Social aspects of the Earth sciences. Interview with Prof. Franco Ferrarotti , 2012 .

[15]  G. H. Brundtland.  World Commission on environment and development , 1985 .

[16]  C. Cervato,et al.  The significance of geologic time: Cultural, educational, and economic frameworks , 2012 .

[17]  G. Di Capua,et al.  Geoethics and geological culture. Reflections from the Geoitalia Conference 2011 , 2012 .

[18]  Marco Giardino,et al.  The role of geoscientists in human progress , 2012 .

[19]  Silvia Peppoloni.  Ethical and cultural value of the Earth sciences. Interview with Prof. Giulio Giorello , 2012 .

[20]  Pranoti M. Asher.  Teaching An Introductory Physical Geology Course To A Student With Visual Impairment , 2001 .

[21]  P. Bobrowsky,et al.  Encyclopedia of natural hazards , 2013 .

[22]  G. C. Andrews,et al.  Canadian Professional Engineering And Geoscience: Practice and Ethics , 2008 .

[23]  Mary Anne Holmes,et al.  Where Are the Women Geoscience Professors , 2003 .

[24]  Ian M. Matley,et al.  Man's Responsibility for Nature: Ecological Problems and Western Traditions , 1975 .

[25]  Tony Mayer.  Research Integrity: The Bedrock of the Geosciences , 2015 .

[26]  David W. Mogk,et al.  Developing Resources for Teaching Ethics in Geoscience , 2014 .

[27]  Telmo Pievani,et al.  Humans’ Place in Geophysics: Understanding the Vertigo of Deep Time , 2015 .

[28]  Mauro Dolce,et al.  Risk Management: Roles and Responsibilities in the Decision-making Process , 2015 .

[29]  Ian Lambert,et al.  Resourcing Future Generations: A proposed new IUGS initiative , 2013 .

[30]  V. S. Cronin.  On the seismic activity of the Malibu Coast Fault Zone, and other ethical problems in engineering geoscience , 1992 .

[31]  J. Mcphee.  The Control of Nature , 1989 .

[32]  Roberta Attanasio.  Communicating environmental sciences: Public discourse and policy development. , 2018, Integrated environmental assessment and management.

[33]  Victoria Bruce.  No Apparent Danger: The True Story of Volcanic Disaster at Galeras and Nevado del Ruiz , 2001 .

[34]  M. Maslin,et al.  Defining the Anthropocene , 2015, Nature.

[35]  Anton Schleiss.  Sedimentation of reservoirs , 2013 .

[36]  James E. Slosson,et al.  Current and future difficulties in the practice of engineering geology , 1991 .

[37]  Erle C. Ellis,et al.  Earth Science in the Anthropocene: New Epoch, New Paradigm, New Responsibilities , 2009 .

[38]  Telmo Pievani,et al.  The world after Charles R. Darwin: continuity, unity in diversity, contingency , 2009 .

[39]  Great Britain. Foreign,et al.  United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , 2019, The ‘Earth Summit’ Agreements: A Guide and Assessment.

[40]  Mamoon Allan,et al.  Geotourism: an opportunity to enhance geoethics and boost geoheritage appreciation , 2015, Special Publications.

[41]  Silvia Peppoloni,et al.  Geoethics: A Challenge for Research Integrity in Geosciences , 2015 .

[42]  Silvia Peppoloni,et al.  Geoethical aspects in the natural hazards management , 2014 .

[43]  Melissa S. Anderson.  Singapore Statement on Research Integrity , 2010 .

[44]  E. Robinson,et al.  For Geologists: A Code of Conduct for Rock-coring , 1989, Environmental Conservation.

[45]  Christopher Keane,et al.  Developing an Ethical Framework for All Geoscientists: AGI Guidelines for Ethical Professional Conduct , 2016 .

[46]  Silvia Peppoloni,et al.  Geoethics and geological culture: awareness, responsibility and challenges , 2012 .

[47]  R. Frodeman.  Geological reasoning: Geology as an interpretive and historical science , 1995 .

[48]  Glenn A. Brown,et al.  PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE HANDBOOK , 1993 .

[49]  Arne Naess,et al.  The shallow and the deep, long‐range ecology movement. A summary∗ , 1973 .

[50]  Giovanna Cultrera,et al.  The L'Aquila trial , 2013 .

[51]  P. Crutzen.  Geology of mankind , 2002, Nature.

[52]  Stephen S. Hall,et al.  Scientists on trial: At fault? , 2011, Nature.

[53]  J. Herkert,et al.  Ways of thinking about and teaching ethical problem solving: Microethics and macroethics in engineering , 2005, Science and engineering ethics.

[54]  L. Greene.  EHPnet: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change , 2000, Environmental Health Perspectives.

[55]  Bill Devall,et al.  Deep Ecology: Living as if Nature Mattered , 1985 .

[56]  Telmo Pievani,et al.  Geoethics and philosophy of Earth sciences: the role of geophysical factors in human evolution , 2012 .

[57]  S. Peppoloni,et al.  Geoethics, Ethical Challenges and Case Studies in Earth Sciences , 2014 .

[58]  Olle Selinus,et al.  Essentials of Medical Geology: Revised Edition , 2013 .

[59]  Guido Gosso,et al.  The “Geoethical Promise”: A Proposal , 2014 .

[60]  Naomi Oreskes,et al.  When did the Anthropocene begin? A mid-twentieth century boundary level is stratigraphically optimal , 2015 .

[61]  Jean-Claude Thouret,et al.  Geology of El Misti volcano near the city of Arequipa, Peru , 2001 .

[62]  Victor R. Baker,et al.  Earth Matters: The Earth Sciences, Philosophy, and the Claims of Community , 1999 .

[63]  Elisa Bergslien.  An Introduction to Forensic Geoscience , 2012 .

[64]  Ross K. Dowling,et al.  Geotourism’s Global Growth , 2011 .

[65]  A A Bartholomew,et al.  Code of Ethics , 1992, The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry.

[66]  Andrew J. Michael,et al.  Operational Earthquake Forecasting Can Enhance Earthquake Preparedness , 2014 .