Novel roles for phospholipase C in plant stress signalling and development

Phospholipase C (PLC) is best known for its role in generating second messengers by hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2 ) in mammalian cells. In plants however, PLC’s role is less clear as plants lack the prime targets for both inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (i.e. a ligand-gated Ca 2+ channel) and diacylglycerol (i.e. protein kinase C and TRP-type ion channels). The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes for 9 PLC genes. Here, we analyzed the role of PLC3 . Promoter-GUS analyses revealed that PLC3 is specifically expressed in the vascular tissue (most likely phloem) of roots, leaves and flowers, but also in guard cells and at the base of trichomes. Knock-out mutants of PLC3 were found to be affected in seed germination, root development and stomatal closure. Using in vivo 32 P i -lipid labeling analyses, we found that ABA stimulated the formation of PIP 2 in wild type germinating seeds, seedlings and guard cell-enriched leaf peels, but not in plc3 mutants. The latter displayed decreased sensitivity to ABA during seed-germination inhibition and ABA induced-stomatal closure. Overexpression of PLC3 enhanced drought tolerance and decreased stomatal aperture. Together, our results uncovered novel roles for PLC3 in ABA signaling and plant development.

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