Best practices for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.

In this article, the Canadian Association of Wound Care puts forward 12 recommendations for best practices in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers that focus on an interdisciplinary patient-centered approach. These recommendations are a synthesis of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines, European guidelines, and current literature as interpreted by the Canadian experience and achieved through a national consensus panel. The article concludes that best practice guidelines must be fluid documents that respond to new evidence and experience.

[1]  D. Keast,et al.  Preparing the wound bed--debridement, bacterial balance, and moisture balance. , 2000, Ostomy/wound management.

[2]  M. Meehan Beyond the pressure ulcer blame game: reflections for the future. , 2000, Ostomy/wound management.

[3]  D. Schafer,et al.  Pulsed lavage in wound cleansing. , 2000, Physical therapy.

[4]  C. Sutton,et al.  Effects of a normothermic dressing on pressure ulcer healing. , 2000, Advances in skin & wound care.

[5]  M. Palmer,et al.  Incontinence and PPS: a new era. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[6]  T E Philbeck,et al.  The clinical and cost effectiveness of externally applied negative pressure wound therapy in the treatment of wounds in home healthcare Medicare patients. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[7]  G. Cherry,et al.  The treatment of ambulatory venous ulcer patients with warming therapy. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[8]  G. Dow,et al.  Infection in chronic wounds: controversies in diagnosis and treatment. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[9]  P. Houghton,et al.  Choosing an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of chronic wounds. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[10]  Woodbury Mg,et al.  Pressure ulcer assessment instruments: a critical appraisal. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[11]  S. Santilli,et al.  Use of a noncontact radiant heat bandage for the treatment of chronic venous stasis ulcers. , 1999, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[12]  R. Burrell,et al.  Wound management in an era of increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance: a role for topical silver treatment. , 1998, American journal of infection control.

[13]  J. Kantor,et al.  Efficacy and prognostic value of simple wound measurements. , 1998, Archives of dermatology.

[14]  S J Henly,et al.  Two-dimensional wound measurement: comparison of 4 techniques. , 1998, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[15]  I. Tekdemir,et al.  Island V‐Y Tensor Fasciae Latae Fasciocutaneous Flap for Coverage of Trochanteric Pressure Sores , 1998, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[16]  P. K. Sullivan,et al.  The effects of ultraviolet radiation on antibiotic-resistant bacteria in vitro. , 1998, Ostomy/wound management.

[17]  D. Krasner Painful venous ulcers: themes and stories about their impact on quality of life. , 1998, Ostomy/wound management.

[18]  P. Esselman,et al.  Results of 268 pressure sores in 158 patients managed jointly by plastic surgery and rehabilitation medicine. , 1998 .

[19]  D. Goodridge,et al.  Risk-assessment scores, prevention strategies, and the incidence of pressure ulcers among the elderly in four Canadian health-care facilities. , 1998, The Canadian journal of nursing research = Revue canadienne de recherche en sciences infirmieres.

[20]  A. Gam,et al.  Ultrasound therapy in chronic leg ulceration: a meta‐analysis , 1998, Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society.

[21]  C. Frölich,et al.  Soaps and detergents: understanding their composition and effect. , 1998, Ostomy/wound management.

[22]  E. Ayello,et al.  Obstacles and opportunities for the multidisciplinary wound care team. A report for the clinical symposium on wound management. , 1998, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[23]  Yuhei Yamamoto,et al.  Long‐Term Outcome of Pressure Sores Treated with Flap Coverage , 1997, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[24]  D. Lew,et al.  Unilateral Multilayered Musculocutaneous V‐Y Advancement Flap for the Treatment of Pressure Sore , 1997, Plastic and reconstructive surgery.

[25]  D. Thomas,et al.  Specific nutritional factors in wound healing. , 1997, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[26]  D. Steed,et al.  Effect of extensive debridement and treatment on the healing of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetic Ulcer Study Group. , 1996, Journal of the American College of Surgeons.

[27]  W. Bauman,et al.  Increased energy needs in patients with quadriplegia and pressure ulcers. , 1996, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[28]  W. Malarkey,et al.  Slowing of wound healing by psychological stress , 1995, The Lancet.

[29]  S. Black Venous stasis ulcers: a review. , 1995, Ostomy/wound management.

[30]  D. Krasner The chronic wound pain experience: a conceptual model. , 1995, Ostomy/wound management.

[31]  D. Byrne,et al.  The effects of non-thermal pulsed electromagnetic energy on wound healing of pressure ulcers in spinal cord-injured patients: a randomized, double-blind study. , 1995, Ostomy/wound management.

[32]  L. Ostrander,et al.  Inductive 27.12 MHz diathermy in arterial peripheral vascular disease , 1994, Proceedings of 16th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society.

[33]  C. Manstein Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on skin microvascular blood perfusion , 1993 .

[34]  J. McCulloch,et al.  The effects of whirlpool and the dependent position on lower extremity volume. , 1992, The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy.

[35]  JoAnn Maklebust,et al.  Pressure Ulcers: Guidelines for Prevention and Nursing Management , 1991 .

[36]  F. Folk,et al.  Accelerated wound healing of pressure ulcers by pulsed high peak power electromagnetic energy (Diapulse). , 1991, Decubitus.

[37]  N. Bergstrom,et al.  The Braden Scale for Predicting Pressure Sore Risk , 1987, Nursing research.

[38]  J. Rabkin,et al.  Local heat increases blood flow and oxygen tension in wounds. , 1987, Archives of surgery.

[39]  S. Linter,et al.  Hazards of hydrogen peroxide. , 1985, British medical journal.

[40]  S. Solomon Host Factors in Whirlpool-Associated Pseudomonas aeruginosa Skin Disease , 1985, Infection Control.

[41]  High Jp,et al.  Treatment of infected skin wounds using ultra-violet radiation--an in-vitro study. , 1983 .

[42]  Richard W. Bohannon Whirlpool versus whirlpool rinse for removal of bacteria from a venous stasis ulcer. , 1982, Physical therapy.

[43]  R. Stribley,et al.  Reduction of skin bacterial load with use of the therapeutic whirlpool. , 1975, Physical therapy.

[44]  W. C. Fleming,et al.  Ultraviolet Light in the Treatment of Indolent Ulcers , 1965, Southern medical journal.

[45]  P. W. Bowman,et al.  PHS Public Health Service , 1963 .

[46]  Doreen Norton,et al.  An Investigation of Geriatric Nursing Problems in Hospital , 1962 .

[47]  M. G. Woodbury,et al.  A clinical evaluation of 3M no sting barrier film. , 2000, Ostomy/wound management.

[48]  C. Baxter,et al.  Sacral and ischial pressure ulcers: evaluation, treatment, and differentiation. , 2000, Ostomy/wound management.

[49]  S. McCallon,et al.  Vacuum-assisted closure versus saline-moistened gauze in the healing of postoperative diabetic foot wounds. , 2000, Ostomy/wound management.

[50]  D. Krasner The AHCPR pressure ulcer infection control recommendations revisited. , 1999, Ostomy/wound management.

[51]  M. Granick,et al.  The multidisciplinary in-hospital wound care team: two models. , 1998, Advances in wound care : the journal for prevention and healing.

[52]  M. Simone,et al.  Collagenase Therapy in the Treatment of Decubitus Ulcers , 1996 .

[53]  Jeter Kf,et al.  Skin care in the frail, elderly, dependent, incontinent patient. , 1996 .

[54]  T Krouskop,et al.  Standardizing performance-based criteria for support surfaces. , 1995, Ostomy/wound management.

[55]  D. Mount,et al.  Mechanisms of DNA replication and mutagenesis in ultraviolet-irradiated bacteria and mammalian cells. , 1981, Progress in nucleic acid research and molecular biology.