Dyeing properties and colour fastness of wool dyed with indicaxanthin natural dye

Abstract This research work involves the dyeing of wool with indicaxanthin, a natural dye extracted from fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica. The optimal conditions for dye extraction were to mix 50 g of Juice from cactus pears with 100 mL of 80% aqueous ethanol as solvent for dye extraction. Liquid chromatography was applied for the separation. Two main dyes were obtained, which were identified as indicaxanthin (75 mg per 50 g) and betanin (5 mg per 50 g). The effect of dye bath pH, salt concentration, dyeing time and temperature were studied. The optimal conditions for wool dyeing with indicaxanthin dye were carried out at 70 °C for 90 min with the pre-treatment of various metal salts as mordant. The colour yields of the dye on the wool were found to be highly dependent of the pH, optimum results being obtained at pH 4. The K/S of wool increased in the order of the dyeing using KAl (SO 4 ) 2  > MnSO 4  > CoSO 4  > FeSO 4  > none > ZnSO 4  > CuSO 4 . Un-mordanted samples have good properties of water and washing fastness. Mordants KAl (SO 4 ) 2 and CoSO 4 were found to give good light fastness (rating 5).

[1]  D. Jothi,et al.  EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DYES FROM AFRICAN MARIGOLD FLOWER (TAGETES EREECTA L) FOR TEXTILE COLORATION , 2008, AUTEX Research Journal.

[2]  R. Carle,et al.  Colour studies on fruit juice blends from Opuntia and Hylocereus cacti and betalain-containing model solutions derived therefrom , 2005 .

[3]  D. A. Hegwood.  Human Health Discoveries with Opuntia sp. (Prickly Pear) , 1990 .

[4]  R. Wolfram,et al.  Effect of prickly pear (Opuntia robusta) on glucose- and lipid-metabolism in non-diabetics with hyperlipidemia--a pilot study. , 2002, Wiener klinische Wochenschrift.

[5]  R. Carle,et al.  Development of a process for the production of a betalain-based colouring foodstuff from cactus pear , 2005 .

[6]  T. Goodwin.  Chemistry and biochemistry of plant pigments , 1976 .

[7]  Padma S. Vankar,et al.  Sonicator dyeing of modified cotton, wool and silk with Mahonia napaulensis DC. and identification of the colorant in Mahonia , 2008 .

[8]  T. Bechtold,et al.  Natural dyes for textile dyeing: A comparison of methods to assess the quality of Canadian golden rod plant material , 2007 .

[9]  P. S. Vankar,et al.  Dyeing cotton, wool and silk with Hibiscus mutabilis (Gulzuba) , 2007 .

[10]  E. C. Lin,et al.  Prickly pear (Opuntia sp.) pectin reverses low density lipoprotein receptor suppression induced by a hypercholesterolemic diet in guinea pigs. , 1992, The Journal of nutrition.

[11]  A. Frati,et al.  Hypoglycemic effect of Opuntia ficus indica in non insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus patients , 1990 .

[12]  P. Bwititi,et al.  EFFECTS OF OPUNTIA MEGACANTHA LEAVES EXTRACT ON RENAL ELECTROLYTE AND FLUID HANDLING IN STREPTOZOTOCIN (STZ)-DIABETIC RATS , 2001, Renal failure.

[13]  A. López.  Review: Use of the fruits and stems of the prickly pear cactus (Opuntia spp.) into human food , 1995 .

[14]  Xungai Wang,et al.  Influence of pH on hygral expansion, relaxation shrinkage and extensibility of wool fabric , 2007 .

[15]  S. Barringer,et al.  Rapid propagation of tuna (Opuntia ficus-indica) and plant establishment in soil , 1995, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[16]  R. Carle,et al.  Evaluation of colour properties and chemical quality parameters of cactus juices , 2003 .

[17]  F. García-Carmona,et al.  Stabilization of the bioactive pigment of opuntia fruits through maltodextrin encapsulation. , 2010, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.

[18]  R. Wolfram,et al.  Regular ingestion of opuntia robusta lowers oxidation injury. , 2001, Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids.

[19]  S. Kumari,et al.  Dyeing studies with hydroxyanthraquinones extracted from Indian madder. Part 1: Dyeing of nylon with purpurin† , 2001 .

[20]  E. C. Lin,et al.  Prickly pear (Opuntia sp.) pectin alters hepatic cholesterol metabolism without affecting cholesterol absorption in guinea pigs fed a hypercholesterolemic diet. , 1994, The Journal of nutrition.

[21]  G W Taylor,et al.  Natural Dyes in Textile Applications , 2008 .

[22]  E. Grotewold.  The genetics and biochemistry of floral pigments. , 2006, Annual review of plant biology.

[23]  U. Wissgott,et al.  Prospects for new natural food colorants , 1996 .

[24]  J. Fernández-López,et al.  Application of high-performance liquid chromatography to the characterization of the betalain pigments in prickly pear fruits. , 2001, Journal of chromatography. A.

[25]  H. Kim,et al.  Dyeing properties and colour fastness of cotton and silk fabrics dyed withCassia tora L. extract , 2004 .

[26]  R. El-Mohamedy,et al.  Dyeing of wool with natural anthraquinone dyes from Fusarium oxysporum , 2007 .

[27]  R. Carle,et al.  Cactus Pear Fruits (Opuntia spp.): A Review of Processing Technologies and Current Uses ♦ , 2006 .

[28]  M. K. Vijayeendra,et al.  Discharge behaviour of single and combination colours used in silk industry , 2001 .

[29]  J. Fernández-López,et al.  Color properties and stability of betacyanins from Opuntia fruits. , 2003, Journal of agricultural and food chemistry.