Anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties of eldar pine (Pinus eldarica Medw.) grown in the Kelardasht region

The aim of this study was to determine some of the anatomical, physical, and mechanical properties of 35-year-old Pinus eldarica Medw. wood. For this purpose, 3 normal pine trees were randomly cut down from the Garagpas-Kelardasht site located in the northern part of Iran. Disks and logs of wood were cut at breast height. The testing samples were prepared along the radial axis from the pith to the bark to determine anatomical and physical properties such as annual ring width, tracheid length, oven-dry density, basic density, and volume shrinkage, and mature wood was used to measure mechanical strength characteristics such as static bending (MOE and MOR) and compression parallel to the grain. The results showed that the densities (oven-dry density and basic density) and volumetric shrinkage increased along the radial axis from the pith to the bark. With increasing cambial age, the values of length increased while the annual ring width decreased. The average density of the test sample (r12) was 545 kg m-3, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) was 7.21 GPa, the modulus of rupture (MOR) was 82.81 MPa, and the compression strength parallel to the grain was 52.18 MPa. The relationship between the wood density and strength properties was determined by regression analyses. It was found that there were strong relationships between density and MOR and compression strength parallel to the grain. However, the modulus of elasticity showed weak correlation with the wood density. The results of this research were compared with the other growing sites of pine trees in Iran. As a result of this comparison, it was observed that pine trees grown in Garagpas-Kelardasht and pine trees at other sites have different wood properties.

[1]  S. Zhang,et al.  Variation in the relationship of wood density with growth in 40 black spruce (Picea mariana) families grown in New Brunswick , 2007 .

[2]  Y. Çöpür,et al.  Some Chemical, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Juvenile Wood from Black Pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) Plantations , 2007 .

[3]  P. Saranpää,et al.  Growth rate and wood properties of Norway spruce cutting clones on different sites , 2006 .

[4]  V. Safdari,et al.  A DENDROCLIMATOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FRAXINUS EXCELSIOR AT THREE SITES IN TEHRAN , 2005 .

[5]  R. Dedecek,et al.  Influência dos atributos do solo sobre a qualidade da madeira de Pinus taeda para produção de celulose kraft. , 2004 .

[6]  S. Zhang.  Effect of age on the variation, correlations and inheritance of selected wood characteristics in black spruce (Picea mariana) , 1998, Wood Science and Technology.

[7]  S. Zhang.  Wood specific gravity-mechanical property relationship at species level , 1997, Wood Science and Technology.

[8]  S. Zhang.  Effect of growth rate on wood specific gravity and selected mechanical properties in individual species from distinct wood categories , 1995, Wood Science and Technology.

[9]  J. Wilcox,et al.  Preliminary testing of eastern cottonwood clones , 1968, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[10]  John E. Phelps,et al.  Impacts of Forest Management Activities on Selected Hardwood Wood Quality Attributes: A Review , 2004 .

[11]  J. Bégin,et al.  Effects of precommercial thinning on annual radial growth and wood density in balsam fir (Abies balsamea) , 2002 .

[12]  S. Linder,et al.  Effect of Growth Rate on Fibre Characteristics in Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) , 2002 .

[13]  S. Linder,et al.  Wood-density variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fibre dimensions , 2002 .

[14]  C. Güler,et al.  Principal Mechanical Properties of Eastern Beech Wood ( Fagus orientalis Lipsky ) Naturally Grown in And › r › n Northeastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey ‹ , 2002 .

[15]  I. Bektas,et al.  The Determination of Some Physical Properties of Beech Wood (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) in the Andırın Region , 2001 .

[16]  S. Fujiwara,et al.  THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CELL LENGTH AND RING WIDTH AND CIRCUMFERENTIAL GROWTH RATE IN FIVE CANADIAN SPECIES , 2000 .

[17]  J. E. Shottafer,et al.  Specific gravity and mechanical property-age relationships in red pine , 1992 .

[18]  Bruce J. Zobel,et al.  Wood Variation: Its Causes and Control , 1989 .

[19]  J. R. Saucier,et al.  Influence of initial planting density, geographic location, and species on juvenile wood formation in southern pine. , 1989 .

[20]  R. Tomassone,et al.  Contribution à une étude comparée des Pins méditerranéens de la section Halepensis , 1965 .

[21]  A. Wardrop,et al.  FACTORS INFLUENCING TRACHEID LENGTH IN CONIFER STEMS , 1951 .