Optimal Electric Spring Allocation for Risk-Limiting Voltage Regulation in Distribution Systems

This paper addresses the optimal allocation of the electric spring (ES) smart load device in radial distribution systems for voltage regulation. An ES can transform a connected noncritical load into a smart load providing voltage support and voltage suppression functions. A risk-limiting ES planning method is proposed to obtain the optimal ES configuration (number, locations, capacities, and types) to mitigate the voltage violations caused by uncertainties in renewable distributed generation. The forecasting uncertainties are placed into multi-state discrete levels to reduce scenario numbers. The voltage regulation capability of different types of ES are quantified and compared to determine the optimal allocation model. The optimal ES installation plan is identified as per the minimal total cost and lowest voltage violation risk. The proposed optimal allocation method is validated on a modified IEEE 15-bus distribution network.

[1]  Tapan Kumar Saha,et al.  Real-Time Coordinated Voltage Support With Battery Energy Storage in a Distribution Grid Equipped With Medium-Scale PV Generation , 2019, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[2]  Lijun Chen,et al.  Equilibrium and dynamics of local voltage control in distribution systems , 2013, 52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[3]  David J. Hill,et al.  Multi-Timescale Coordinated Voltage/Var Control of High Renewable-Penetrated Distribution Systems , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[4]  Hao Jan Liu,et al.  Fast Local Voltage Control Under Limited Reactive Power: Optimality and Stability Analysis , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[5]  S. Ali Pourmousavi,et al.  Multi-Timescale Power Management for Islanded Microgrids Including Storage and Demand Response , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[6]  Balarko Chaudhuri,et al.  Distributed Voltage Control with Electric Springs: Comparison with STATCOM , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[7]  Weisheng Wang,et al.  Risk-Limiting Unit Commitment in Smart Grid With Intelligent Periphery , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[8]  Zhe Chen,et al.  Steady-State Analysis of Electric Springs With a Novel δ Control , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[9]  Ritwik Majumder,et al.  Integration of Distributed Generation in the Volt/VAR Management System for Active Distribution Networks , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[10]  Yue Song,et al.  Optimal Operation of Battery Energy Storage System Considering Distribution System Uncertainty , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[11]  Felix F. Wu,et al.  Electric Springs—A New Smart Grid Technology , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[12]  Weisheng Wang,et al.  Multiperiod Risk-Limiting Dispatch in Power Systems With Renewables Integration , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics.

[13]  Z. Dong,et al.  Optimal Allocation of Energy Storage System for Risk Mitigation of DISCOs With High Renewable Penetrations , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[14]  Zhao Yang Dong,et al.  Optimal placement of battery energy storage in distribution networks considering conservation voltage reduction and stochastic load composition , 2017 .

[15]  Ke Meng,et al.  Critical Bus Voltage Support in Distribution Systems With Electric Springs and Responsibility Sharing , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[16]  Siew-Chong Tan,et al.  Decoupled Power Angle and Voltage Control of Electric Springs , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[17]  Rabih A. Jabr,et al.  Sensitivity-Based Discrete Coordinate-Descent for Volt/VAr Control in Distribution Networks , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[18]  Xia Chen,et al.  Mitigating Voltage and Frequency Fluctuation in Microgrids Using Electric Springs , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[19]  Kai Zou,et al.  Distribution System Planning With Incorporating DG Reactive Capability and System Uncertainties , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[20]  Yu ZHENG,et al.  Consensus control of electric spring using back-to-back converter for voltage regulation with ultra-high renewable penetration , 2017 .

[21]  Balarko Chaudhuri,et al.  Extending the Operating Range of Electric Spring Using Back-To-Back Converter: Hardware Implementation and Control , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[22]  Siew-Chong Tan,et al.  General Steady-State Analysis and Control Principle of Electric Springs With Active and Reactive Power Compensations , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[23]  Henrik Sandberg,et al.  A Survey of Distributed Optimization and Control Algorithms for Electric Power Systems , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[24]  Nikos D. Hatziargyriou,et al.  Distributed and Decentralized Voltage Control of Smart Distribution Networks: Models, Methods, and Future Research , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[25]  Zhao Yang Dong,et al.  A new metaheuristic algorithm for real-parameter optimization: Natural aggregation algorithm , 2016, 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC).

[26]  Venkataramana Ajjarapu,et al.  Real-Time Local Volt/Var Control Under External Disturbances With High PV Penetration , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[27]  K. Hollands,et al.  A method to generate synthetic hourly solar radiation globally , 1990 .

[28]  Felix F. Wu,et al.  Network Reconfiguration in Distribution Systems for Loss Reduction and Load Balancing , 1989, IEEE Power Engineering Review.

[29]  John E. Fletcher,et al.  Multi-Timescale Model Predictive Control of Battery Energy Storage System Using Conic Relaxation in Smart Distribution Grids , 2018, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.